Calibration method used for fully polarimetric microwave radiometer

The invention discloses a calibration method used for a fully polarimetric microwave radiometer, which accomplishes calibration of the fully polarimetric microwave radiometer through steps as follows: setting initial values of a calibrating device of the fully polarimetric microwave radiometer, confirming a process matrix, confirming a matrix, confirming the condition number of the matrix, and confirming the minimum Kmin(S). The method gives a judgment basis for selecting vectors from a plenty of vectors which can be used in calibrating the fully polarimetric microwave radiometer so as to acquire higher calibrating accuracy. after the minimum condition number optimization is adopted, the obtained fully polarimetric microwave radiometer calibrating matrix has a smaller condition number, the matrix inversion result is enabled to be more stable, the error bound is smaller, and the calibrating accuracy of the fully polarimetric microwave radiometer can be improved. The method disclosed by the invention is characterized in that the error perturbation matrix is applied onto the calibrating inversion matrix of the fully polarimetric microwave radiometer, the calibration source temperature is taken as an optimized parameter, and the minimum condition number is taken as the basis for judging the ill-condition of the calibrating inversion matrix of the fully polarimetric microwave radiometer.