The invention discloses a high-
throughput efficient 2D net-shaped ultrafine 
nanofiber oil-water separation material and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: a 
polymer solution is prepared from a selected 
polymer, a net is formed through electrostatic direct injection of the 
polymer solution, a spinneret vibrates in situ by the aid of external force inan electrostatic direct injection process to promote generation of charged droplets, the droplets are subjected to phase separation, and a uniform 2D net-shaped ultrafine 
nanofiber material is formedon the surface of a receiving substrate and is in a continuous and seamlessly stacked shape; then the obtained material is subjected to 
surface modification, and the 2D net-shaped ultrafine nanofiberoil-water separation material with 
selective surface and interface 
wetting property is obtained. The preparation process is simple, 
raw material limitations are few, and the net-shaped ultrafine 
nanofiber oil-water separation material has tiny meshes and good pore channel 
connectivity and has great application prospect in the fields of oil purification, oil-containing 
wastewater treatment and thelike.