The invention provides a tank type single-
nozzle refining furnace and a vacuum refining method. The tank type single-
nozzle refining furnace comprises a vacuum tank and a single-
nozzle dipping 
pipe, wherein the vacuum tank consists of a vacuum tank body and a vacuum tank cover; a vacuum air extracting pipeline is arranged on the vacuum tank body; a steel 
ladle containing 
molten steel to be treatedcan be placed in the vacuum tank; one end of the single-nozzle dipping 
pipe is integrated with the vacuum tank cover; after the steel 
ladle is hung in the vacuum tank, the lower end of the single-nozzle dipping 
pipe can extend into the steel 
ladle when the vacuum tank cover is lowered; and a vent hole for communicating the dipping pipe with the vacuum tank is formed in the upper end of the single-nozzle dipping pipe. In the scheme, the dipping pipe covers above the 
molten steel or is inserted into the 
molten steel, so that when 
slag overflow or molten steel splashing occurs in the dipping pipe, the 
slag overflow or the molten steel is prevented from being separated from the steel ladle to enter the vacuum tank body, the 
pollution to the vacuum tank body can be reduced, the steel tapping amount of a primary steel-making furnace can be increased, and the steel yield is further increased; and meanwhile, the 
argon blowing amount can be increased, the refining effect is enhanced, the refining efficiency is improved, the tank type single-nozzle refining furnace is better linked with the primary steel-making furnace and a subsequent 
continuous casting process, and the smoothness and continuity of each process are guaranteed.