The invention discloses a unitary or polybasic 
aerogel thermal insulation material and a preparation method of the material. The method comprises the steps of preparing 
sol, solidifying 
sol to form gel, aging and 
drying, or comprises the steps of preparing 
sol, preparing a prefabricated body, infiltrating, coagulating sol, aging and 
drying. The 
aerogel component in the 
thermal insulation materialdisclosed by the invention is formed in a unitary or polybasic way, and can be formed by flexibly adjusting a 
single component, so that the characteristic of 
aerogel can be given a full play to the greatest extent, the material can be used in different temperature resisting fields, and aerogel formed by different components can be used aiming at the different temperature resisting fields, so thatthe heat insulation effect of the aerogel 
thermal insulation material can be more high-efficiency. The production and forming method of the unitary or polybasic aerogel thermal insulation material, disclosed by the invention, is a set of technology which is complete, continuous, and low in cost, and can be used in industrial method production, the produced aerogel thermal insulation material withhigh performance is wide in application field, is wide in using temperature, can meet different using requirements of war industry fields, civil fields, heat-protection fields with special requirements, and the like.