The invention relates to the field of 
aerosol measurement, in particular to a full-automatic monitoring instrument for radioactive 
aerosol. The measurement instrument integrates a sampling device, a 
sample preparation device, a 
measurement device and a 
control unit; the sampling device comprises a filter membrane, a filter membrane storage device, a 
mechanical transmission mechanism, an intelligent 
air pump, an 
aerosol sampling head and a sampling 
air chamber; the control device is used for automatically controlling sampling, 
sample preparation and measurement; the sample 
measurement device is used for measuring a sample; the aerosol sample is quickly, continuously and fully-automatically collected in a radiative environment, the sample is automatically prepared, the gamma dosage rate is automatically measured, and data is automatically acquired, analyzed, stored, processed and transmitted to a 
database appointed by a user; natural 
nuclide, medical 
nuclide, industrial 
nuclide, artificial nuclide and the like are detected, and the problems of manual sampling, 
sample preparation, measurement and collection required for a long term are solved. The measurement instrument is high in intelligent degree and simple and convenient to operate, and can save a large amount of manpower and 
material resources, thereby having a great promotional value.