The invention belongs to the technical field of 
biology, and particularly relates to an adeno-associated 
virus vector for targeting cardiac 
vascular endothelium and an application of the adeno-associated 
virus vector. The invention aims to solve the problem that natural AAV has poor cardiovascular endothelial transduction capacity 
in vivo. The invention provides an adeno-associated 
virus vector targeting heart 
vascular endothelium. The 
library is constructed by inserting an R588 site of an AAV2 
capsid protein gene into a coding sequence of random heptapeptide, and inserting the coding sequenceinto a 
plasmid skeleton containing an AAV2 rep 
gene and ITR through 
HindIII / NotI double 
enzyme digestion. After two rounds of in-vivo 
directed evolution screening, the two AAV variants EC71 and EC73are obtained, the transduction capacity of AAV to the heart 
vascular endothelium in vivo is improved, meanwhile, transduction to the liver is greatly reduced, and transgenic expression is maintained for at least four months in the 
mouse heart vascular 
endothelium. The EC71 vector is used for conveying the eNOS 
gene into a 
myocardial infarction mouse body, so that the activity of the eNOS 
protein of the heart and the 
lung is effectively improved, and the EC71 vector has a certain application prospect in gene therapy of cardiovascular endothelial related diseases.