The invention discloses an on-site 
measurement device and a measurement method for 
surface charges of a high-
voltage direct-current 
bushing. The on-site 
measurement device comprises: a lifting platform and a stepping unit, wherein the lifting platform and the stepping unit are used for carrying out radial and axial two-dimensional stepping scanning on the high-
voltage direct-current 
bushing; an 
epoxy frame which is installed on the lifting platform and the stepping unit and moves along with the lifting platform and the stepping unit, wherein the high-
voltage direct-current sleeve penetrates through the center of the 
epoxy frame; and a plurality of induction electrodes and a 
signal acquisition module in the electrostatic probe scanning unit which are mounted in holes reserved in the 
epoxy frame. Radial and axial two-dimensional stepping scanning is carried out on the high-voltage direct-current 
bushing through the lifting platform and the stepping unit, the sensing 
electrode generates sine-rule displacement relative to the surface of the high-voltage direct-current bushing, the 
signal acquisition device is used for sensing sine-rule changing current, 
signal conversion is carried out on the current, then 
processing is carried out, and the 
surface charge density distribution of the high-voltage direct-current bushing is calculated. The device is suitable for field test, and can rapidly, safely and accurately measure the 
surface charge distribution condition of the high-voltage direct-current bushing.