The invention discloses a thermal-mechanical 
coupling model-based workpiece surface 
residual stress control and adjustment method. The method includes the following steps that: a, a 
cutting test is performed, surface 
residual stress sigmai correspondingly obtained under each group of 
cutting parameters is measured, wherein the 
cutting parameters include cutting depths ap, cutting speeds V and feedquantities f; b, an orthogonal 
cutting force prediction model is constructed based on an Oxley prediction model and a J-C constitutive model; c, a workpiece temperature prediction model is constructed based on thermal stress formed by means of the superposition of the temperature of a shearing zone and a ploughing and cutting zone; d, a thermal-mechanical 
coupling-based workpiece surface residualstress empirical model is constructed based on the orthogonal 
cutting force prediction model and the workpiece temperature prediction model, and an expectation function is selected to describe the influence of each parameter; and e, the sum of the absolute values of the difference values of observed surface 
residual stress sigmai and predicted residual stress sigmasurface is adopted as a fitnessfunction, and a 
genetic algorithm is used to perform optimization, so that a proportional coefficient and an exponential coefficient can be obtained. The method of the invention has the advantages ofshort calculation time and convenient use.