The invention belongs to the field of unmanned aerial vehicles, A 
traceability system of agricultural products based on unmanned aerial vehicle is provided, comprises a cloud platform, an unmanned aerial vehicle communicating with the cloud platform, and a 
ground station communicating with the cloud platform and the unmanned aerial vehicle, wherein, the 
ground station is used for generating a 
plant protection operation scheme according to the acquired 
plant protection operation 
drug / 
fertilizer information and field information, and sending the scheme to the unmanned aerial vehicle, and receiving the 
plant protection operation information sent by the unmanned aerial vehicle; The unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is used for executing plant protection operation tasks according to a plant protection operation scheme, and sending plant protection operation information to a cloud platform and a 
ground station; The cloud platform is used for receiving plant protection operation information sentby the unmanned aerial vehicle or the ground 
station, and outputting the plant protection operation information after analyzing and 
processing. The invention realizes the recording of the 
drug or 
fertilizer information in the 
crop growth process based on the unmanned aerial vehicle, can monitor the source, quality, frequency, dosage and the like of the 
drug / 
fertilizer production of the 
crop, and takes the growth process of the 
crop well as an important part of the agricultural 
product traceability archives.