The invention provides a preparation method of a highly-dispersed 
precious metal electrocatalyst with high stability and a 
low load capacity. According to the preparation method, low content preciousmetals such as 
platinum, 
palladium, 
ruthenium, 
iridium, and the like, are taken as the catalytic 
active components; cheap metals such as iron, 
tin, 
cobalt, 
nickel, 
copper, and the like, are taken as sacrificial metals; 
alloy particles are synthesized through a hydrothermal method, an 
alcohol reduction method, or a hydrazine reduction method; then 
alloy particles are loaded on a 
heteroatom doped functionalized carbon carrier through the anchoring effect of the functionalized carbon carrier so as to obtain a catalyst precursor; then the catalyst precursor is soaked in an acid to dissolve the sacrificial metals, the 
alloy particles are cracked, the precious metals are left on the 
heteroatom doped functionalized carbon carrier, and the 
precious metal catalyst with a highly dispersed structureis obtained. The 
precious metal catalyst has an excellent catalytic performance, moreover, the loading amount of precious metals is greatly reduced, the 
utilization rate of precious metals is largelyincreased, the catalyst cost is effectively reduced, and the contradiction between the performance and cost is solved.