66 results about "Biocoenosis" patented technology

The present invention provides methods for preventing biofilm formation on a surface. The present invention also relates to anti-biofilm forming agents, to methods of producing and using them, and to anti-fouling coatings produced therefrom.

The invention relates to a landscape water body bioremediation and ecological conservation method, and belongs to the technology field of environment protection. The method comprises external source pollution control including landscape water body peripheral environment greening, bank edge landform treatment, and pollution control of high density water plant zone in bank edge shoal water zone, atmosphere and storm-water runoff. The landscape water body ecological conservation method comprises aquatic community construction as a main means, and ecological embankment and other techniques as auxiliary means. The landscape water body bioremediation method adopts an active biological filter system as a main means and an algae removal device as an auxiliary means. The inventive method solves the water pollution and landscape deterioration problems of urban and residential district landscape water body.

The invention discloses a method for building a near-natural forest for a subtropical city. The method is characterized in that deciduous broad-leaf trees with seedling age as 4-5 years and evergreen broad-leaf trees with the seedling age as 2-3 years are adopted for building a different-age multiple-layer deciduous-evergreen broad leaf mixed near-natural forest. The lower layer of the mixed near-natural forest is evergreen broad-leaf trees with seedling height as 0.2-1.0 meter accounting for 70% of mixed biocoenosis, the upper layer of the mixed near-natural forest is deciduous broad-leaf trees with seedling height as 1.5-2.5 meters accounting for 30% of the mixed biocoenosis, a different-age biocoenosis structure is formed, and view of the near-natural forest for the subtropical city is fast built. Compared with the prior art, the method is simple, the near-natural forest is easy to build, low in cost, complete in biocoenosis structure, rich in diversity of species, high in biomass and less in manual management. The method is especially suitable for building the subtropical near-natural forest view for cities in a Yangtze river delta area.

The invention discloses a planting method of a compound ecological tea garden, comprising the following steps of: (1) planting garden trees along the surrounding area of a tea garden; (2) planting rare or endangered tree species along the surrounding area of the tea garden; (3) planting leguminous crops between the rows of young tea trees and around the adult tea trees; (4) applying organic fertilizer and bio-fertilizer in the tea garden; and (5) carrying out crop straw covering in the tea garden. Through carrying out combination of multi timing sequences and multistage recycling of materials, the planting method of the compound ecological tea garden has the advantages of overcoming the vulnerability and the instability of the ecosystem of the tea garden, enhancing the resource utilization efficiency, enriching the biocoenosis of the tea garden, keeping the ecological balance, restraining injurious insect and realizing the low consumption, the safety, the high quality and the high efficiency of planting the tea trees.

The invention discloses an optimized method for analyzing microbial communities through metagenome binning. The method comprises the following steps of: filtering sequencing data to obtain high-quality sequencing data, selecting different assembly strategies to obtain contigs according to the source of a sample and the sequencing data volume, and analyzing gene data. Compared with the prior art, the method disclosed by the invention is used for simultaneously carrying out biological information analysis on the whole community and single-bacterium genome analysis independent of isolated cultureaiming at the microbial community. According to the invention, on the metagenome level, an efficient high-quality assembly algorithm which is more suitable for sample characteristics and sequencing data volume is provided, rich and comprehensive information analysis content is contained, and individuality and novelty are visualized; and the method realizes metagenome analysis qualitative change from communities to single bacteria, and the scheme comprises data correction capable of improving accuracy and comprehensive and perfect bin information summarization, is beneficial to screening valuable target bins more conveniently and efficiently, and further comprises systematically perfect mining ideas of subsequent analysis of the target bins.

The invention discloses an ecological basic flow calculation method and system capable of considering different states of a river. The method comprises the following steps that: obtaining river runoff data from the river monitoring server of a river monitoring station; solving the mutational site of the runoff data of each river so as to determine river types, wherein the river types comprise three classes: water replenishing rivers subjected to disturbance by human, non water replenishing rivers subjected to disturbance by human and rivers which are not subjected to disturbance by human; and according to the river types, independently calculating the ecological basic flow of the river. By use of the method, according to different river types, the ecological basic flow of the river can be accurately calculated so as to perform an important meaning for biocenoses including observed river animals and plants.

The invention belongs to the technical field of bioanalysis, and particularly relates to a method for analyzing microbial community structures. The method comprises the following steps of: extracting total RNA in an environment sample; separating small-subunit rRNA from the total RNA; carrying out reverse transcription on the small-subunit rRNA by random primer for sequencing; extracting the small-subunit rRNA sequence from the results of sequencing; and confirming category message according to the obtained small-subunit rRNA sequence, and acquiring the characteristics of the microbial community structure. The method does not use specific PCR amplification so as to avoid various deviations in the PCR process; and meanwhile, the method can be used for analyzing the community structure of bacteria, archimycetes and eukaryotic microorganism, thus truly and completely reflecting the characteristics of the microbial community structure in the environment sample.

The invention discloses an application method for ecologically breeding macrobrachium nipponensis and Odontobutis obscura in a pond by utilizing an artificial ecological base. The method comprises the following steps of (1) pond selection; (2) forming of pond artificial ecological base layout and biological film; (3) fry stocking; (4) feedstuff feeding; (5) water quality regulation and control and daily management; (6) fishing of grown macrobrachium nipponensis and grown Odontobutis obscura. Compared with the prior art, according to the method, the water quality of the pond can be kept good and stable, water does not need to be replaced in the whole breeding period except in the season with higher water temperature, new water is added to increase the water level, no breeding wastewater is drained, and the ecological benefits are obvious; the biocenosis such as microorganisms and algae on the ecological base can provide the suitable habitat for shrimp seeds and the Odontobutis obscura; the Odontobutis obscura is utilized for catching and feeding on the weak and sick shrimp seeds and autumn seeds bred in august; the breeding disease rate of the macrobrachium nipponensis is reduced; the out-of-pond specification and yield of the grown macrobrachium nipponensis are improved, and the economic benefits are obvious.

The invention provides a method for amending deteriorated guinea grass meadow through root cutting and fertilizer application. The method comprises the specific steps: selecting a plot, which is flat in topographical feature and gently or moderately deteriorated in guinea grass biocoenosis, as an implementation object; in the second and third 10 days of May, carrying out root cutting treatment by using a meadow ground breaking and root cutting machine in a #-shaped root cutting manner, wherein the depth of root cutting is 12cm to 15cm, and the length and width of root cutting is 30cm to 50cm; 20 to 30 days after the root cutting treatment, carrying out fertilizer application treatment in a field surface broadcasting manner in accordance with the rate of fertilizer application that urea is 120kg / hm<2> to 160kg / hm<2> and diammonium phosphate is 80kg / hm<2> to 100kg / hm<2>; and in the same time period of next year, carrying out topdressing in accordance with the rate of fertilizer application that urea is 210kg / hm<2> to 230kg / hm<2> and diammonium phosphate is 130kg / hm<2> to 140kg / hm<2>. According to the method, by adopting the root cutting and fertilizer application matched method, the rejuvenation updating of guinea grass is promoted, the yield of grasses is increased rapidly, the ecological environment of the meadow is protected, the production of forage grass is promoted, and the problem in regional animal husbandry is solved.

The invention discloses a compound microorganism bacterium agent sewage cleaning technology which belongs to the technical field of bioengineering. A great amount of contaminants are discharged into water bodies due to human activities, and as a result, the physical and chemical properties or biocoenosis compositions of the water bodies are changed, so that the use values of the water bodies are decreased. The severe consequence of water body pollution affects not only the health of human being but also industrial and agricultural production. According to the technology, efficient flocculation strain jelly bcereus, bacillus subtilis, aerobic bacillus licheniformis and nitrophilous actinomycete micromonospora are screened and adopted to prepare a compound microorganism bacterium agent (special for sewage). The compound microorganism bacterium agent has the advantages of small usage amount, high flocculation force, quick organic matter decomposition, no antagonism, good aerobic performance, no odor, no secondary pollution, pollution decomposition rate higher than pollution rate, high adaptability and viability, low cost and industrial production availability.

The invention discloses a health evaluation and diagnosis method for an urban landscape lake water ecosystem, and the method comprises the steps: designing an index system into a hierarchical structure which is divided into a target layer, a criterion layer and an index layer, wherein the target layer is the high summary of a lake health evaluation index system and is used for reflecting the overall level of a lake health condition, the criterion layer reflects attributes and levels of lake health conditions from different sides, including four aspects of water quality, bottom mud, biocenosis and lakeshore zone, the index layer is formed by selecting a plurality of indexes under the criterion layer, and the index evaluation is mainly quantitative and is assisted by qualitative. specifically dividing various factors influencing lake water quality health, performing assigning and scoring, determining evaluation weights of a criterion layer and an index layer by adopting an analytic hierarchy process, finally, evaluating the lake health condition according to a calculation result, and formulating corresponding restoration countermeasures.

The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological restoration and relates to a technology for purifying water of large-wind-wave water areas by using an aquatic-floating-plant floating bed. The technology comprises the steps of adopting a structured floating bed, so as to improve environmental conditions, such as wind wave and transparency, lower the root-stem-leaf relative motion, mutual friction and drift among floating plants and construct habitat conditions suitable for the floating plants, carrying out child care on the floating plants, and exerting the pioneering effect of floating plant biocoenosis, so as to improve the water quality of lakes and provide favorable conditions for the resumption of submerged plants. According to the technology, network-structured floating beds made from special mesh bags and bamboo-rafted floating beds made from wave-dissipating bamboo rafts are taken as a carrier, so as to lower wind wave disturbance and drift caused by the wind wave disturbance and improve basic environmental conditions; dominant floating plants are screened through integrating the characteristics of water purification time, purification effect, wind wave resistance, easiness in maintenance and the like and are subjected to floating bed cultivation; for floating plant resumed water areas, hibernation protection and removal techniques are adopted, so as to prevent secondary pollution caused by plant residues.

The invention provides a water source pollution early warning method and system. The method comprises the steps: collecting a monitoring water sample after a polyurethane foam block sinks into a to-be-monitored water body for a set time; detecting and monitoring microbial species and corresponding density in the water sample; inputting the microorganism species and the corresponding density into apre-constructed deep learning model; and performing early warning on the to-be-monitored water body according to a prediction result outputted by the deep learning model. According to the method, a PFU (Polyvince Foam Unit) micro-biocenosis monitoring method is combined with a computer deep learning algorithm, each early warning level can be divided into clearer and more accurate levels by meansof computer deep learning under the condition that enough data cardinal numbers are selected, qualitative and quantitative early warning level judgment is directly carried out on the water sample taken each time without selecting the comparison water sample, and thusthe system obtained after deep learning can carry out early warning on drinking water source pollution more accurately, sensitivelyand reliably.

The invention discloses a southern sloping field turf water channel space ecological niche optimal configuration method. The method comprises the following steps: (S1) a water channel area is set; (S2) the gradient, the size and the shape of an earth surface built with a water channel are adjusted; (S3) grass varieties suitable for local weathers are selected to form a grass band; the planting density is increased; and organic fertilizers are applied as bottom fertilizers; (S4) determination of a biocoenosis construction plan: herbaceous plant varieties are selected and population distribution areas are adjusted according to optimal configuration plans; and the grass band is uniformly and continuously planted in the same one trench; (S5) straw bags or non-woven cloth are covered after sowing for manual management to prevent invasion of other plant varieties and manual artificial destruction and to control the pest and disease damage so as to guarantee stability of an ecological buffer zone of the trench; and (S6) the grass band is cut.

The invention relates to a method for optimizing an ecological effect monitoring point position of diversion project lake water, belonging to the technical field of environmental and ecological hydraulics. The method comprises the following steps: (1) defining the geographical range of ecological impact monitoring of the diversion project lake water; (2) arranging the monitoring point positions ofa diversion riverway and a water receiving lake; (3) determining monitoring time and frequency; (4) determining an aquatic biocenosis index and a non-biological physicochemical index as monitoring indexes for representing water ecology impact; and (5) clustering and optimizing monitoring point position number and monitoring frequency based on the Euclidean distance coefficient of the non-biological physicochemical index and the Bray-Curtis similarity coefficient of the aquatic biocenosis index. The monitoring index related to the method is easy to obtain, and wide-range implementation and application are convenient. According to the method, an efficient optimization method can be provided for large-scale water receiving eutrophication lake water ecology impact monitoring point position arrangement and frequency setting of diversion works, and the monitoring workload is reduced.

The invention discloses a method for predicting and evaluating a microflora structure, in particular to a method for predicting intra-area microflora diversity distribution based on a power law scaling model of species diversity-area relationship (DAR). According to the method, sampling loci are subjected to random samplesort and accumulation, accumulated species diversity under the accumulated sampling loci is acquired, and mathematical models are built respectively through a power law and a power law scaling model with exponential cutoff. A sampling and fitting process is repeated for several times, a set of comprehensive evaluation system is built according to the average parameters of the models. The system can effectively monitor or predict a distribution rule of microflora species diversity in a monitored region. The method can be applied to monitoring or prediction of distribution and structures of various kinds of microbial ecological communities in nature, and is particularlysuitable for human body microbial flora. By predicting the structure of the flora, the method can be applied to evaluation of human body health condition, and provides quantitative indexes for individualized diagnosis and treatment of flora related diseases.

The invention relates to a regulation and stability maintenance method for a shallow lake ecosystem. The method comprises the following steps: (1) evaluation technology for the structure and the function of an ecological system: using an ecopath model to obtain key parameters of each functional group in the ecological system of a lake, to learn about different nutrition level distribution, function intensity of each nutrition level and biomass sizes of different functional groups in the lake ecological system, and to analyze and evaluate imbalance factors; (2) multi-nutrient-level biological manipulation technology: (2-1) combined effect of multiple organisms; and (2-2) ecological restoration evaluation; (3) vegetation recovery and wetland reconstruction technology in a shallow water area;(4) repeating the steps (1), (2) and (3); and (5) water quality-water quantity combined regulation: detecting the rainfall of an area where the lake is located, monitoring the reservoir capacity replacement of the lake, acquiring water area characteristics, nutrition imbalance conditions and aquatic organism community function group composition according to a hydrodynamic model, and periodicallydetecting and verifying the physicochemical indexes of a water body.

The invention relates to a large shallow lake deep and shallow bottom layer landform reconstruction and benign stable ecosystem which is characterized in that bottom mud a is excavated to form a shallow water type lake deep water area, the excavated bottom mud a is buried in other areas of the lake, bottom mud b formed after the bottom mud a is conveyed is accumulated to form a shallow water area, the periphery of the shallow water area is a lakeside zone, the lakeside zone is located in a land and water interlaced zone of the shallow lake, ecological reefs are put in the deep water zone, submerged plants and ornamental lophatherum gracile are planted in the shallow water zone, and emergent aquatic plants are planted in the lakeside zone. The ecological principle is utilized, and the self-cleaning capacity of the shallow lake is restored by reconstructing deep and shallow bottom layer landforms, constructing a biocenosis structure of a damaged water body ecological system and restoring biodiversity, so that the virtuous circle of self-maintenance and self-succession of the ecological system is realized.

The invention discloses an urban river benign ecosystem construction method. The method mainly comprises three stages: an aquatic plant restoration stage, an ecosystem construction stage and an ecological regulation and control stage, wherein the aquatic plant recovery aims at a single community formed by planting pioneer species, and the abundance index and the diversity index of submerged plant communities are improved by replanting different types of submerged plants through interferences of forest windows; the ecological system is constructed and perfected, a food network chain with a reasonable structure needs to be constructed, and the construction mainly comprises throwing of zooplanktons, benthonic animals and fishes; and bidirectional feedback coordination of the biocenosis and the water body environment is formed by comprehensively improving the composition of the biocenosis, so that the purposes of reconstructing a healthy water ecosystem and realizing water environment treatment and water ecology restoration are achieved. After the ecological system is stabilized, the overall vegetation coverage rate exceeds 40%, the transparency is stably maintained to be 0.80 m or above, the water quality of a river channel is clear, fishes fly and shallow, and the landscape effect of the water surface is good.

The invention discloses a method for predicting and evaluating a microbial structure, in particular to a method for predicting distribution variation of microflora diversity on time and space scales based on a power law scaling model of diversity-area-time relationship (DATR). Sampling loci are subjected to random samplesort, species abundance information is accumulated according to the sampling loci and sampling time order, a species diversity index under accumulated time and space is calculated, and a mathematical model is built through the power law scaling model. A sampling and fitting process is repeated, and a set of comprehensive evaluation system is built by utilizing the average parameters of the models. The index can comprehensively and effectively monitor or predict the structural features and distribution rules of various kinds of microbial ecological communities in nature, and is particularly suitable for human body microbial flora. The method can provide reliable quantitative indexes and ecological basis for evaluation of human body health condition and diagnosis and treatment of flora related diseases according to the rule of change of the structure of the specific flora with time and space.

The invention belongs to the field of biological information analysis and in particular relates to microflora specific function gene diversity analysis primer pairs and an analysis method. The invention discloses three microflora specific function gene diversity analysis primer pairs and a method for obtaining corresponding function gene segments by using the three primer pairs. The invention further discloses a microflora specific functional gene diversity analysis method and application of the method in analyzing diversity of three microflora specific functional genes. The microflora specific function gene diversity analysis primer pairs provided by the invention have remarkable amplification advantages, the microflora specific function gene diversity analysis method provided by the invention has a comprehensively integral analysis process, that is, for microbial populations with specific functions, in microflorae, biological information contents with complex function genes can be explored, and microbial diversity of function florae can be dug.

The invention relates to a deep sea hydrothermal biocenosis low-light observation device. The deep sea hydrothermal biocenosis low-light observation device is composed of a multicolor adjustable lightsource, a light source power supply module, a light source remote control unit, an EMCCD camera, an sCMOS camera, a camera remote control unit, a camera power supply module, a thermocouple power supply module, a thermocouple remote control unit, a data memory and an armored thermocouple. The device is deployed near a deep sea hydrothermal solution port through a seabed observation network; a remote control unit of the seabed observation network is controlled to open the multicolor adjustable light source, the EMCCD camera, the sCMOS camera and the armored thermocouple in the device through aground base station; and information such as bioluminescence response shot by the camera and temperature information measured by the sheathed thermocouple are stored in the data memory and are transmitted to a ground base station in time. Power supply is carried out through the seabed observation network, the situation that a line is too long due to ground power supply is avoided, observation is carried out near the deep sea hydrothermal solution port, accurate omnibearing observation information can be obtained, and the deep sea hydrothermal solution port observation device can be used as anobservation device of the deep sea hydrothermal solution port.

The invention discloses a constructed wetland sewage treatment method, which comprises the following steps of firstly building a first-stage sewage treatment system; setting emergent aquatic plants with developed root systems and filtering material substrates in an entrance position of a constructed wetland, wherein the filtering material substrates comprises melon seeds, limestone or rhyolite, and are laid in layers, and the particle diameters are reduced from bottom to top; building an aquatic animal system in a constructed wetland lake region. The scientific and reasonable combined mode design, the seasonal biocoenosis configuration, high-absorption performance substance material selection and landscape science theory application are used; the COD and BOD removal rate is improved; the capability of eliminating N, P and other toxic elements can also be enhanced.

The invention discloses a shallow lake submerged plant proper coverage evaluation method and application, and belongs to the field of lake ecological restoration. The invention provides a shallow lakeecological restoration technology for accurately evaluating the cover degree of submerged plants for maintaining healthy development of a water ecosystem in a shallow lake and avoiding lake swampiness caused by excessive submerged plants and conversion from the lake to an algae type lake caused by too few submerged plants. The optimal coverage degree of the submerged vegetation is comprehensivelyevaluated on the basis of physical and chemical indexes of the water body, phytoplankton, zooplankton and benthonic animals. Results show that too high or too low submerged vegetation coverage is notbeneficial to the health of the ecosystem, and when the submerged vegetation coverage is 50% + / -5%, the diversity of the biocenosis in the water area and the stability of the ecosystem are the highest so that the shallow lake submerged plant proper coverage evaluation method provides a theoretical basis for ecological management of the lake; and the method is suitable for popularization and application.

The invention discloses a method for intercropping lilium brownii in mulberry field. Mulberry trees and lilium brownii are adopted in the method. The mulberry field is utilized in a three-dimensionalmode, and the potential productivity of the mulberry field is hard exploited, so that the land productivity of the mulberry field and the comprehensive benefits of the mulberry field are further improved. Natural resources are transformed in the mulberry field production, and the productivity of the mulberry field mainly depends on the utilization ratio of biocenoses in the mulberry field to lightenergy and other natural resources in time and space. Other crops are intercropped in the mulberry field to form a multi-layered and multi-species three-dimensional biocoenosis structure, and the utilization efficiency of the light energy, nutrition space and various nutrients in different layers of soil is increased.

Micron scale biogeography is a major driver of physiology and ecology of complex microbial biofilm communities, which remains elusive largely due to the lack of tools for spatially resolved phylogenetic mapping. This disclosure provides methods, computer-readable storage devices and kits that allow highly multiplexed and spatially resolved imaging of microbial community spatial organization. The disclosure provides a highly-multiplexed approach to resolve the spatial structure of complex microbial community at high taxonomic resolution.

The invention discloses a preparation method and application of a PTFE-based film of an offshore wind power single pile for preventing marine organism adhesion, relates to the technical field of environment-friendly ocean engineering equipment antifouling materials, and adopts a high-density and high-orientation-degree film forming process to prepare the PTFE-based film with multiple nano / micron ultra-micro surface topography and having the advantages of ultralow surface energy, ultralow surface adhesion force, salt spray resistance, seawater resistance, corrosion resistance, adhesion resistance, contamination resistance, fatigue resistance, moisture absorption resistance, good dimensional stability, high wear resistance and high transparency, and solves the problem that static marine equipment such as offshore wind power (offshore platform) is adhered by marine fouling organisms. Adsorption of biocenosis mucous membranes on the surface of the film is greatly reduced, adsorbed marine fouling biocenosis can fall off automatically, and the marine fouling organisms are effectively prevented from contaminating and corroding the static marine equipment.

The invention relates to the technical field of marine biological physiological experiments, in particular to a marine shellfish biological physiological experimental device based on a community level and a method for using the same. The experimental device includes a transparent upper barrel, a funnel, a supporting barrel and a collection bottle. The top of the body is provided with a sealing cover, and the interior is provided with an internal hanging rod for suspending the experimental biological community. One side of the barrel is provided with a water inlet, an external water pump and a water control valve, and the other side of the barrel is provided with a water outlet; supporting the barrel The middle part of the funnel is provided with a cylindrical mouth, a collection bottle is placed in the cylindrical mouth, and the lower end tube of the funnel extends into the collection bottle. The invention simulates the natural seawater temperature, flow rate and other conditions through the experimental device, and uses a large-volume container to carry out the feeding physiological experiment and the metabolic physiological experiment of the marine shellfish biological community, thereby reducing the experimental link, while maintaining the integrity of the biological community. Errors in the generalization of experimental results to the entire ecosystem.

The invention relates to a method for establishing biodiversity in rivers and lakes, which comprises the following steps of: selecting key species and key points of a recovery area; the key point is that natural regression and enrichment of key species are promoted through a combined technology of dam field, water quality improvement, bottom mud diversity improvement, putting of a porous material adsorbed with a microbial agent, original living sludge and algae species to construct a biological bed and underwater habitat, small-range biological diversity is formed, and large-scale development of biocenosis is controlled; then, the key point is used as a biological source, water quality improvement, alien species management and control and overflow organism expansion and ecological succession of the whole restoration area are matched, water area ecological restoration can be more purposeful, the habitat is continuously used as a species source, a large number of overflow organisms are continuously transformed and restored, and the ecological restoration effect is achieved. The water ecological condition of the whole restoration area is improved through radiation, the biodiversity of the whole restoration area is restored, and the method can be applied to river and lake water quality improvement, water body environment improvement and water area biodiversity restoration.