245 results about "Chlorohydrocarbon" patented technology

Effective in-situ injection technology for the remediation of dense nonaqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs) such as trichloroethylene (TCE) benefits from the use of decontamination agents that effectively migrate through the soil media, and react efficiently with both dissolved TCE and bulk TCE. A novel decontamination system contains highly uniform carbon microspheres preferably in the optimal size range for transport through the soil. The microspheres are preferably enveloped in a polyelectrolyte (such as carboxymethyl cellulose, CMC) to which preferably a bimetallic nanoparticle system of zerovalent iron and Pd is attached. The carbon serves as a strong adsorbent to TCE, while the bimetallic nanoparticles system provides the reactivity. The polyelectrolyte serves to stabilize the carbon microspheres in aqueous solution. The overall system resembles a colloidal micelle with a hydrophilic shell (the polyelectrolyte coating) and a hard hydrophobic core (carbon). In contact with bulk TCE, there is a sharp partitioning of the system to the TCE side of the interface due to the hydrophobicity of the core. These multifunctional systems appear to satisfy criteria related to remediation and are relatively inexpensive and made with potentially environmentally benign materials. An aerosol process is preferably used to produce zerovalent iron particles supported on carbon. A method of lubricating includes creating carbon microspheres produced from a monosaccharide or polysaccharide, the carbon microspheres having a diameter of 50 nm to 6 microns, coating the microspheres with a surface coating and using the carbon microspheres as a lubricant.

The present invention belongs to the field of environment protecting technology, and is especially one kind of environment protecting fibrous membrane material. The environment protecting fibrous membrane material consists of nanometer TiO2 of 1-55 nm diameter and micron and nanometer fiber of 30-1500 nm diameter, and has pore diameter of 7-350 nm. The environment protecting fibrous membrane material can filter out micron level dust and other impurity, and nanometer level virus and microbes, eliminate chlorohydrocarbon, chlorine-containing organic and other toxic compound, reduce carcinogenic Cr6+ into non-toxic Cr3+, oxidize cyanide into non-toxic CO2, etc, kill Bacillus pyocyaneus, colibacillus, etc, and shield static electricity and ultraviolet ray.

The invention discloses a method for in-situ bioremediation of pollution caused by chlorohydrocarbon of underwater, which specifically comprises a coupling process of anaerobic reductive dechlorination and aerobiotic oxydative degradation. An anaerobic reaction area and an aerobiotic reaction area are established in the front and back of a chlorohydrocarbon pollution area along the flowing direction of underwater in a zone of saturation. Poly-chlorohydrocarbon (trichloro or tetrachloro) in the anaerobic reaction area is quickly reduced and dechlorinated to low chlorohydrocarbon (monochloro or bichloro), the low chlorohydrocarbon is transferred to the aerobiotic reaction area and oxidized and degraded to products such as carbon dioxide. The anaerobic reaction area is realized by providing electron donor materials, a deoxidant and a reducer through the injection of an injection well, while the aerobiotic area is realized by aeration toward underground water.

The invention discloses a metal cleaner. The metal cleaner is prepared from, by weight, 50%-90% of halohydrocarbon cleaners, 0%-10% of ester additives, 2%-30% of hydrocarbon additives, 0%-20% of alcohol additives, 0%-25% of alcohol ether additives and 0%-5% of amine additives, wherein the halohydrocarbon cleaners are chlorohydrocarbon and / or chloro-fluoro-hydrocarbon, chlorohydrocarbon is tetrachloroethylene and / or dichloromethane, and chloro-fluoro-hydrocarbon is 1-fluoro-1,1-dichloroethane. The metal cleaner is large in cleaning force, high in permeability and dispersity, capable of cleaning wax, ink, punching oil, cutting oil and lubricating oil, small in smell and free of toxicity.

A mercapto polyaspartic acid-chitosan copolymer used for adsorbing heavy metal, chlorohydrocarbon, organic pigment, dyeing, etc is prepared from cross-linking reaction between polyaspartic acid with amino side chain and chitosan in acidic aqueous solution, and reacting on mercapto carboxylic acid.

The invention relates to a method for extracting sulfur in sulfur-contained slag by chlorohydrocarbon organic solvent. The method adopts the technical scheme that raw sulfur cream sulfur-contained slag is used as a raw material to carry out centrifugal separation, extraction reaction, solution filtration, cooling crystallization and solid-liquid separation to obtain a sulfur product; a great deal of raw sulfur cream sulfur-contained slag produced when gas produced by an iron and steel coking enterprise is purified and desulphurized is used as the raw material; after being ground, the raw material carries out extraction reaction with the organic solvent; the solution carries out heat preservation filtration, the cooling crystallization and the solid-liquid separation to obtain a sulfur product, and the low-price and poison solvent for recovering sulfur is developed. The invention overcomes the defects of resource consumption, corresponding environmental pollution, and the like caused by not adopting an effective processing measure on the sulfur-contained slag in the prior HPF method gas desulphurizing technology and is widely applied to process and recycle the sulfur-contained slag produced in the coking desulphurization process in iron and steel smelting industries.

A method for recovering much of the carbon and chlorine value in the heavy ends and other undesired by-products formed during the production of a C3 or higher polychlorinated alkane through the reaction of carbon tetrachloride with an olefine or chlorinated olefine, the improvement comprising the step of first separating the heavy ends and any other higher or lower boiling chlorohydrocarbon impurities from most of the desired product, and subjecting the separated heavy ends and impurities therewith to a high temperature exhaustive chlorination to produce carbon tetrachloride, tetrachloroethene, and minor amounts of hexachlorobutadiene and hexachlorobenzene by-products.

The invention discloses an ionic iron (III) complex containing bisphenol functional imidazoline salt, which is expressed by the following chemical structural formula shown in the specification, wherein R1 and R2 are respectively one of hydrogen atom, methyl and tert-butyl; and X is one of chlorine or bromine. According to the ionic iron (III) complex containing bisphenol functional imidazoline salt, such structural unit as imidazoline is first introduced into the design and synthesis of a ligand; meanwhile, the flexible and variable regulation and control on the steric hindrance and electronic effect of the corresponding iron (III) complex is realized by introducing a structure-variable phenoxy modification radical onto the imidazoline ring, thus developing a novel efficient iron-based catalyst; and the cross coupling reaction of alkyl primary / secondary bromohydrocarbon and alkyl primary / secondary chlorohydrocarbon can be effectively catalyzed.

The invention discloses a preparation method of an associated modified xanthan gum, which is characterized by adding 20 parts of xanthan gum with a medium or low molecular weight, 10-900 parts of solvents, and 0.01-15 parts of catalysts, on a weight basis, into a three-mouth reaction bottle equipped with a reflux condensation device, stirring and swelling the mixture at room temperature for 24 hours; then increasing the temperature to 30-95 DEG C, slowly adding 0.1-20 parts of phenyl ring-containing chlorinated hydrocarbon modifiers, and reacting for 4-72 hours; precipitating and washing the products by acetone, n-propanol or isopropanol to remove unreacted modifiers and catalysts, and filtering; drying in a vacuum oven at 30-70 DEG C for 4-8 hour so as to obtain the associated modifiedxanthan gum. Compared with unmodified xanthan gums, the associated modified xanthan gum has better tackifying performance, heat resistance, salt resistance, and aging resistance, and has a lower using amount. The associated modified xanthan gum with a medium or low molecular weight can be used as an oil displacement agent for tertiary oil recovery in medium and low-permeability oil reservoir, andcan also be used as a thickening agent in drilling fluid; the associated modified xanthan gum can be crosslinked with an inorganic or organic agent to obtain a weak gel used as an oil displacement agent, a profile control and oil displacement agent, a profile control agent, or a plugging agent.

The invention provides a process for preparing organic chlorosilane, which comprises reacting hydrogen-containing chlorosilane (A) with chlorohydrocarbon (B) under normal pressure, wherein catalyst may be employed or not according to requirement, the reaction temperature is 400-700 deg. C.

The invention provides a method for synthesizing quaternary ammonium salt ionic liquid by microwave radiation heating, which comprises the following steps: mixing tertiary amine compounds (N,N-dimethylethanolamine, trimethylamine or triethanolamine) and halohydrocarbon compounds (allyl chloride, n-butyl chloride, n-butyl bromide, octadecyl chloride) with a molar ratio of 1:1.05-1:2 under a microwave radiation heating condition, putting the mixture into a microwave reactor to perform a microwave reaction with an adjusted microwave power of 100 W-400 W, a heating temperature of 30 DEG C-80 DEG C, and reaction time of 1 min-15 min so as to obtain a crude product, removing residual halohydrocarbon compounds in the crude product to obtain quaternary ammonium salt ionic liquid with halogens as anions; the halohydrocarbon compounds are chlorinated hydrocarbon compounds or brominated hydrocarbon compounds. The preparation method of the invention is simple, does not require the addition of any solvent except reaction raw materials, and can prepare high-purity quaternary ammonium salt ionic liquid simply, efficiently, rapidly, and economically.

The invention relates to the field of government of organically polluted underground water and especially relates to a three-stage restoration method and a three-stage restoration device of organic-chlorohydrocarbon-polluted underground water. The method particularly includes following steps: 1) feeding hot air from the bottom of a thermally air-stripping aerating oxidization column, wherein the hot air contacts with polluted underground water in a thermally air-stripping section; 2) carrying out a batch-type aeration operation to the underground water in an aerating oxidization section; 3) feeding the underground water to an ordered mesopore liquid-phase adsorption column and carrying out a deep adsorption process, and if the underground water is qualified, pumping the underground water to a recharge well to enable the underground water to be recharged to an underground water layer, if the underground water is not qualified, feeding the underground water back to the thermally air-stripping aerating oxidization column for reprocessing. Compared with the prior art, the invention is advantaged in that the method and the device are energy-saving and environmental-protective, are free of secondary pollution, have a total removal effect being more than 99%, can achieve continuous underground water restoration, can greatly increase a treatment efficiency of the organically polluted underground water and can save a treatment cost.

The invention relates to a facultative methanotroph capable of degrading chlorohydrocarbons, and its applications. The strain of the methanotroph has a preservation number of CCTCCNO:M2013062. The methanotroph can utilize carbon-rich carbon sources comprising ethanol, sodium acetate and the like, and overcomes application difficulties comprising low methane-oxidizing bacterium thallus density, difficult thallus enlargement culture and the like. The methanotroph can degrade chloroolefins comprising trichloroethylene, dichloroethylene, chloroethylene and the like, can also degrade chloralkanes comprising tetrachloromethane, trichloromethane, dichloroethane and the like, and is especially suitable for the fields of wastewater, drinking water and soil restoration.

The combustion catalyst for carbon-base fuel is prepared through compounding the main material and the auxiliary material into matrix, and dissolving the matrix in solvent. The main material includes alkyl alcohol ether, alkyl ester, olefin and aromatic compound; and the auxiliary material includes phosphate ester, chlorohydrocarbon, alkyl alcohol amide, metal compound and small amount of nitrogen, silicon and oxygen containing organic compound. When it is used, the combustion catalyst is mixed with carbon-base fuel through spraying or stirring. It promotes combustion by means of increasing the free radicals in the system, and can raise the combustion strength and efficiency and reach the aims of saving energy, raising efficiency, reducing pollution, etc.

The invention relates to a preparation method and a use of loading activated carbon. The preparation method comprises the following steps of pre-treating raw coal activated carbon, grinding by a grinder, screening out activated carbon particles having sizes of 10 to 60 meshes, washing by deionized water until a supernatant does not contain obvious impurities, putting the washed activated carbon particles into an oven, drying at a temperature of 105 DEG C for 12 hours, weighing an appropriate amount of FeSO4.7H2O according to actual requirements, dissolving the FeSO4.7H2O in 100ml of an ethanol / water (40 / 60, v / v) mixed system, adding an appropriate amount of polyethylene glycol PEG-4000 as a dispersing agent into the mixed solution obtained by the previous step, adding an appropriate amount of the activated carbon particles into the mixed solution after full dissolution, dropwisely adding a sodium borohydride solution into the mixed solution with mechanical stirring in a nitrogen protective atmosphere for a reaction, and carrying out loading of a bimetal palladium after the reaction is finished to obtain the loading activated carbon. The loading activated carbon can be used for treating chlorinated hydrocarbon in ground water. The preparation method has the advantages that a process flow is simple; process equipment is simple; operation and management are easy; a cost is low; an investment is low; and chlorinated hydrocarbon removal efficiency is high.

The invention relates to the technical field of environmental investigation, and discloses an environmental investigation method for groundwater chlorohydrocarbon pollution, which comprises the following steps: S1, first-stage investigation is made; S2, result analysis is made: if a first-stage survey confirms that there is no possible pollution source in a working area and a surrounding area currently and historical, the survey activity can be ended, and if the pollution source existing inside and outside the working area cannot be eliminated, the second-stage environmental survey is carriedout; S3, second-stage investigation and preliminary sampling analysis. According to the invention, geological and hydrogeological conditions of an investigation area are found in detail; pollution source distribution of an investigation area is found out in detail, types and components of concerned pollutants are determined, the spatial distribution range of main pollutants in soil and underground water is delineated, the pollution degree of the soil and the underground water of the investigation area is evaluated and subjected to risk assessment, and a scientific basis and data support are provided for next-step treatment, restoration and safe utilization work. Development of groundwater pollution dynamic monitoring.

The invention discloses a method for producing a furan ammonium salt by using furoic acid. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) chlorination: putting furoic acid and chlorohydrocarbon solvent into an enameled glass reaction kettle, controlling temperature and time, and obtaining a furoyl chloride product; (2) cyanation: putting the furoyl chloride and sodium cyanide into the reaction kettle, stirring, preserving heat, reducing pressure, and reclaiming the solvent to obtain a furoyl nitrile product; (3) hydrolysis: heating the furoyl nitrile and hydrochloric acid, and obtaining furan ketone acid after the reaction is finished; (4) condensation: adding ethyl acetate extract of the furan ketone acid serving as the hydrolysis product into the reaction kettle, dropping methoxyamine to perform room temperature reaction with the hydrolysis product, and demixing, wherein the oil layer is used for ammoniation reaction; and (5) ammoniation: introducing ammonia gas into the oil layer reactant, controlling the temperature, stirring, finishing gas introduction, centrifuging, and drying to obtain the furan ammonium salt. The method is simple and convenient, is convenient to operate, reduces the production cost, improves the yield, makes full use of raw materials, and is safe and reliable in the production process.

The present invention discloses one kind of bisphenol type polyarylate and its preparation process and use. The preparation process of bisphenol type polyarylate includes the following steps: mixing distilled water 890-990 weight portions, sodium hydroxide 18-23 weight portions, bisphenol compound 36-50 weight portions and organic quaternary ammonium salt 0.2-0.8 weight portions via stirring to dissolve and form water phase; dropping chlorohydrocarbon 232-336 weight portions as solvent and phenyl diformyl chloride 25-57 weight portions to form oil phase; stirring to react at 10-35 deg.c; adding end capping agent 1-3 weight portions before further reaction for 1-3 hr; neutralizing the reacted liquid, stilling to separate two phase, dropping the organic phase to settling agent via violent stirring to settle; washing the settled product with distilled water until reaching no chlorine ion; stoving; solvent extraction to purify and final stoving.

The invention relates to a method of removing chlorohydrocarbon in underground water by using an alkaline slow-release persulfate oxidizing agent. The alkaline slow-release persulfate oxidizing agent is prepared by mixing persulfate, sodium hydroxide, cement, sand and water according to a certain proportion; when the obtained oxidizing agent is contacted with polluted underground water, the persulfate is slowly released for a long time, the pH value of the solution can be improved, the acidification effect of the persulfate reaction process is overcome, chlorohydrocarbon pollutants are effectively degraded through a mode of alkaline activation persulfate. The method has the advantages that the provided alkaline slow-release persulfate oxidizing agent can be used for slowly releasing the persulfate for a long time, the transmission capability and use efficiency of the oxidizing agent are improved, the chlorohydrocarbon pollution underground water is remedied through the mode of alkaline activation persulfate, and the method is applicable for in-situ remediation.

The present invention provides a production method of lithium alkylide, it includes the following steps: using white oil whose water value is 100 mg / kg-300 mg / kg as dispersing agent to disperser metal lithium ingot into lithium sand whose grain size is 20-400 micrometers under the closed condition; transferring the lithium sand into synthesis reactor, adding a certain quantity of hydrocarbon solvent and regulating its volume, adopting drop-additive mode to add a proper quantity of chlorohydrocarbon, controlling reaction temp. in 70-85 deg.C, controlling reaction time to make chlorohydrocarbonbe completely converted, after synthesis reaction, pressing the obtained material into settling tank, slanding still, taking upper layer of lithium alkylide, filtering and removing solid impurity so as to obtian the invented lithium alkylide solution.

The invention discloses a method for preparing composite material of poly-aspartic acid or a derivative thereof, chitosan and a calcium-phosphate compound. The method is as follows: firstly, the poly-aspartic acid with different side chains or the derivative thereof is synthesized, then the poly-aspartic acid with different side chains or the derivative thereof, the chitosan and calcium-containing solution are mixed, reacted and precipitated under certain temperature and pH value. The obtained product has the characteristic of imitating a cell envelope and is environment-friendly biomimetic material. The material has the function of absorbing heavy metals and certain organic substances, can be used to remove the heavy metals, chlorohydrocarbon, organic pigment, dyes and so on, and is widely used for fields such as medicine industry, food engineering, printing and dyeing industry, sewage treatment and so on.

The invention relates to an efficiently-solubilizing anionic Gemini surfactant used for chlorinated hydrocarbon pollutants and a synthesis method of the efficiently-solubilizing anionic Gemini surfactant used for the chlorinated hydrocarbon pollutants. After being dissolved in water, the synthesized ethylene glycol di-maleic acid 1-decanol diester sulfonate Gemini surfactant (GS-10) forms electronegative micelle under a condition of a concentration higher than a critical micelle concentration, and hydrophobic chlorinated hydrocarbons, such as TCE and PCE, enter the micelle to increase the apparent solubility of the pollutants in the water. The efficiently-solubilizing anionic Gemini surfactant used for the chlorinated hydrocarbon pollutants can be preferably used for an underground water surfactant in-situ flushing technology to remove residual chlorinated hydrocarbon pollutants in aquifers, and has wide application.

The present invention is method of preparing double soluble nanometer noble metal particle with hydrophobic nanometer grain as core and through adsorption with polymer, and the method is especially suitable for preparing long hydrophobic chain alkane stabilized nanometer noble metal particle. The preparation process includes dissolving surfactant protected hydrophobic nanometer noble metal grain in chlorohydrocarbon, adding polymer, rotating evaporation to eliminate chlorohydrocarbon and collecting the solid product as the double soluble nanometer noble metal particle. The present invention raises the stability of the nanometer noble metal particle greatly and creates condition for the application of nanometer noble metal particle in biological and assembling fields.

The invention relates to a method for preparing a high-temperature acidizing corrosion inhibitor for oil-gas fields. The method comprises the following steps: firstly a certain amount of alkynol, a formaldehyde solution and imidazoline are added into a reaction kettle with a mixer and a condensing device, and simultaneously the pH value is adjusted using hydrochloric acid; the condensing device is turned on, heating and mixing are started, a mannich base is obtained based on reflux reaction, and excessive formaldehyde and hydrogen chloride are removed by vacuum distillation; then a quaternization reagent is dripped into the mannich base, and the mixture is heated and maintained the temperature for continuous reaction to obtain mannich quaternary ammonium salt, wherein the mole ratio of alkynol, formaldyhyde and imidazoline is 1:1.0-1.5:1, the pH value of the reaction system is smaller than or equal to 2, the reaction temperature is 80-120 DEG C, and the reaction time is 3-10 hours; the quaternization reagent is chlorohydrocarbon, the dripping speed is 300-1000 kg / h per ton of production capacity, the reaction temperature of quatermization is 90-120 DEG C, and the reaction time is 3-7 hours.

The present invention relates to chlorohydrocarbon preparing process, and is especially one telomerization process of preparing chlorohydrocarbon in the molecular expression CCl3CH2CHnClm, where n is 0, 1 or 2, and m=3-n, inside a tubular reactor, with chloroalkane or chloroalkene as main material and in the presence of composite Fe, Cr and Ni metal catalyst and dimethyl formamide as co-catalyst. The reacted mixture may be distilled to recover un-reacted material and co-catalyst and is decompression distilled to obtain final chlorohydrocarbon product. The telomerization process is simple, high in reaction efficiency and suitable for continuous industrial production.

The invention relates to a method for remediating hydrochloric ether polluted underground water. The method comprises the following steps: taking lamellated bimetal hydroxide as a packaging agent to modify nanometer zero-valent iron, thereby acquiring packaged type nanometer zero-valent iron nZVI-LDHs; preparing chlorohydrocarbon dominant degrading bacteria containing Clostridium_sp._FCB45, methylotrophic_bacterium_RS-X3, Rhodocyclales_bacterium_TP139 and bacterium_B3C1-6; inoculating the cultured solution of chlorohydrocarbon dominant degrading bacteria, adding into hydrochloric ether polluted underground water and adding the packaged type nanometer zero-valent iron nZVI-LDHs. The method according to the invention is simple in process, low in cost and obvious in effect and has no secondary pollution to the underground water. The method applied to in-situ remediation of the underground water is economically and technically feasible.

The invention belongs to the technical field of water treatment, and particularly relates to sustained-release nano-calcium peroxide materials, preparation thereof, and a method for removing chlorohydrocarbon and benzene series from underground water by strengthening and activating the sustained-release nano-calcium peroxide materials through ferrous sulfide. By taking calcium chloride, hydrogen peroxide with the mass fraction being 30% and ammonium hydroxide with the mass fraction being 30% as raw materials and by adding different dispersing agents, an irreversible coagulation phenomenon is avoided in the synthesis process, then by adding different macromolecular polymers such as polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and diethylene glycol monoethyl ether (DEGMME), a film is formed on the surface of nCaO2, and through processes such as washing with water and ethyl alcohol and vacuum drying, the sustained-release nano-calcium peroxide advanced oxidation materials embedded with the various macromolecular polymers are obtained. By applying the oxidation materials, the purposes of efficient and lasting treatment of pollutants and lowering of the repair cost of the underground water in contaminated sites are achieved.

The invention discloses a phosphite / N-heterocyclic carbene-containing mixed nickel (II) complex, and a preparation method and application thereof. The chemical formula of the mixed nickel (II) complex is Ni[P(OR1)3][(R2NCH2CH2NR2)C]X2. The phosphite / N-heterocyclic carbene-containing mixed nickel (II) complex can efficiently catalyze cross coupling reaction between chlorohydrocarbon and neopentyl glycol biborate in the presence of potassium methoxide to prepare the neopentyl glycol arylborate, which is an example of the cross coupling reaction catalyzed by the mixed nickel (II) complex by using phosphite and N-heterocyclic carbene as auxiliary ligands.

The invention relates to a method for removing chlorohydrocarbons in water through chemical oxidation, and belongs to the technical field of environmental treatment. Several chlorohydrocarbon pollutants existing in underground water are removed through the oxidation effect of sodium percarbonate (Na2CO3.1.5H2O2, SPC). The method is characterized in that the chlorohydrocarbons are treated in the presence of the SPC in the treatment process; and Fe<2+> is simultaneously added to activate the SPC which is an oxidant in order to accelerate the chemical oxidation process. The method has the advantages of simplicity, easy implementation and substantial effect; sodium percarbonate which is used as a green oxidant has an extremely-strong oxidation capability; the removal efficiencies of the chlorohydrocarbons are high, and the trichloro ethylene removal rate reaches 99.9%; and the chlorine removal speed of the method is fast, trichloro ethylene can be completely removed within 5min, and the method also has the advantages of no accumulation of intermediates, no secondary pollution and low cost.

A frictional water-based environment-friendly paint layer removing agent is composed of: a main solvent, a co-solvent, an activator, a surfactant, frictional granules, an anti-aging agent, a penetrating agent, a thickening agent, a corrosion inhibitor, deionized water and ethanol. The paint removing agent is convenient and easy to use, can effectively remove various common paint layers and is free of damages, such as corrosion, on a base material, is low in volatility and has no toxicity on human body during use; the layer removing agent is free of attachments, such as paraffin, kerosene and the like, so that secondary spray coating of a paint layer can be conveniently carried out; by adding the frictional granules to the paint layer removing agent, friction force of the paint layer is increased, so that after expansion of the paint layer, artificial paint removal is convenient; the paint layer removing agent has significant effect on a paint layer which is firm and has high adhesion force. The paint layer removing agent is safe and environment-friendly, is free of chlorohydrocarbon-type organic solvents and is low in cost.