The invention discloses a method for preparing monophenol chemicals by catalyzing 
lignin depolymerization through 
metal organic framework material derivative loaded 
ruthenium. According to the method, 
lignin is taken as a 
raw material, organic micromolecular 
alcohol is taken as a reaction medium, and selective conversion of 
lignin is realized by regulating and controlling the loading amount of catalyst 
metal ruthenium and conditions of a catalytic 
system, and meanwhile, formation of a byproduct 
coke is inhibited. Under the conditions that the 
ruthenium loading capacity is 0.5 wt.%-5 wt.%, the H2 pressure is 1-5 MPa, the reaction time is 230-290 DEG C and the reaction time is 2-12 h, the lignin conversion rate can reach 80.20% to the maximum, the monophenol product yield can reach 14.45 wt.%, the 
coke rate is only 0.8 wt.% to the minimum, the 4-
ethyl phenol yield reaches 5.56 wt.% to the maximum, and the selectivity can reach 41.72% to the maximum. After the catalyst is repeatedly used for 10 times, the activity is not obviously reduced.