95 results about "Integer transform" patented technology

A time-discrete audio signal is processed to provide a quantization block with quantized spectral values. Furthermore, an integer spectral representation is generated from the time-discrete audio signal using an integer transform algorithm. The quantization block having been generated using a psychoacoustic model is inversely quantized and rounded to then form a difference between the integer spectral values and the inversely quantized rounded spectral values. The quantization block alone provides a lossy psychoacoustically coded / decoded audio signal after the decoding, whereas the quantization block, together with the combination block, provides a lossless or almost lossless coded and again decoded audio signal in the decoding. By generating the differential signal in the frequency domain, a simpler coder / decoder structure results.

A time-discrete audio signal is processed to provide a quantization block with quantized spectral values. Furthermore, an integer spectral representation is generated from the time-discrete audio signal using an integer transform algorithm. The quantization block having been generated using a psychoacoustic model is inversely quantized and rounded to then form a difference between the integer spectral values and the inversely quantized rounded spectral values. The quantization block alone provides a lossy psychoacoustically coded / decoded audio signal after the decoding, whereas the quantization block, together with the combination block, provides a lossless or almost lossless coded and again decoded audio signal in the decoding. By generating the differential signal in the frequency domain, a simpler coder / decoder structure results.

The disclosure relates to a method for performing context based binary arithmetic coding with a stochastic bit-reshuffling scheme in order to improve MPEG-4 fine granularity scalability (FGS) based bit-plane coding. The method comprises steps of: replacing 8×8 DCT with 4×4 integer transform coefficient in MPEG-4 AVC (Advance Video-Coding); partitioning each transform coefficient into significant bit and refinement bit; setting up significant bit context based on energy distribution within a transform block and spatial correlation in adjacent blocks; using an estimated Laplacian distribution to derive coding probability for the refinement bit; and using the context across bit-planes to partition each significant bit-plane for saving side information bit.

An integer transform method for image data compression in a video codec is provided. In compliance with the first Audio and Video Coding Standard (AVS) of China in which 8×8 DCT integer transform is adopted, an integer transform base selection method, which is used to evaluate the quality of transform bases with both de-correlation efficiency and energy concentration efficiency, is provided. Computation complexity is also considered in the selection procedure. Based on the method, two groups of 8×8 transform bases (5, 6, 4, 1) and (4, 5, 3, 1) are selected and a fast transform algorithm for these two groups is provided.

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for calculating the Sum of Squared Differences (SSD) between a source block and a reconstructed block of image or video data encoding according to an encoding scheme such as H.264 / AVC. In a preferred embodiment, the method computes the SSD by finding the SSD between coefficients of an integer transformed residual block and the corresponding inverse-quantized coefficients. Preferably the inverse quantized coefficients are found with the aid of a look up table. This method may save computing time and processing power compared to calculating the SSD directly from the source and reconstructed blocks. The SSD is related to the distortion caused by encoding and the method may be used in calculating the rate-distortion of a particular encoding mode. One embodiment of the invention encodes a block of data by selecting the encoding mode with the least rate-distortion.

According to the invention, a time-discrete audio signal is processed (52) in order to provide a quantization block with quantized spectral values (52). In addition, a whole-number spectral representation is generated from a time-discrete audio signal, using a whole-number transformation algorithm (56). The quantization block, which has been generated using a psychoacoustic model (54), is inverse quantized and rounded (58) to form a differential between the whole-number spectral values and the inverse quantized rounded spectral values. The quantization block alone produces a psychoacoustic encoded / decoded audio signal affected by loss after the decoding process, whereas the quantization block together with the combination block provides a loss-free, or practically loss-free encoded and decoded audio signal during said decoding process. The generation of the differential signal in the frequency range allows a simpler encoder / decoder structure to be produced.

The invention discloses a method for embedding and extracting a reversible watermark of a digital image. The method comprises the following steps of: blocking a carrier image, judging the block types by utilizing a statistical relation between a surrounding block and a target block, adaptively selecting capacity parameters, performing block compression sensing, embedding a watermark by utilizing integer transform, embedding the watermark into a smooth and common carrier image block subjected to compression sensing for improving the watermark embedding capacity, wherein the complex carrier image block is not processed, so that the image quality and the imperceptibility are ensured; and finally, restoring the carrier image by adopting a block compression reconstructing algorithm and the reversible integer transform.

An Inverse Transform (IT) conforming to MPEG AVC I_PCM that offers better video image quality than the MPEG-2 / H.263 based video decoders and real time motion picture processing at 30 frames / seconds is described. The IT module performs 4×4 Inverse Integer transform for AVC for MPEG-2 operations on a given macro block (MB) and all its sub blocks. The IT is the third module in the data flow pipeline of a video decoder, the first two being a variable length decoder (VLD) and an inverse quantizer (IQ). The IT module gets its inputs from IQ module and feeds its processed output to a Motion compensation unit / intra-prediction (MCU-IP) module, thus reconstructing the video picture.

Disclosed is a method and apparatus for de-blocking filtering of video data. The method includes performing Integer Transform (IT) of an input data block, scaling the data block, which has been IT-ed and indicates a frequency domain, by applying a modified scaling matrix in which a high frequency area is set to 0, performing Inverse Integer Transform (IIT) on the scaled block.

An integer transform matrix is used for implementing a Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT). Optimized values for the integer transform matrix are derived that satisfy certain normalization constraints and that also minimize the frequency distortion in the transform matrix.

For embedding binary payload in a carrier signal, which, for example, is an audio signal, a sequence of time-discrete values of the carrier signal is converted to the frequency domain by means of an integer transform algorithm to obtain binary spectral representation values. Bits of the binary spectral representation values with a valency less than signal limit valency are determined and set according to the payload. The signal limit valency for a spectral representation value is less than the valency of the leading bit of this spectral representation value, so that, with adequate distance, a psychoacoustic transparent insertion of information is achieved. Thus a modified spectral representation with inserted information is generated which is finally converted back to the time domain using an integer back transform algorithm. For extracting the payload, the time-discrete signal with the inserted information is again converted to a spectral representation with the integer forward transform algorithm. Furthermore, signal limit valency information is determined to identify the bits of the binary spectral representation values containing no information regarding the carrier signal, but information regarding the payload signal, to extract these bits. The inventive concept is simple in its implementation and may be scaled with respect to the data rate of the information to be inserted.

An apparatus for and a method of transcoding data in a first format, for example, MPEG (moving picture experts group)-2 data into data in a second format, for example, H.264 data. The apparatus may include a scaling dequantization unit, a coefficient transform unit, and / or a scaling quantization unit. The scaling dequantization unit may dequantize the data in the first format (e.g., MPEG-2 data) to generate a DCT (discrete cosine transform) coefficient. The coefficient transform unit may approximate a 4x4 second data format (e.g., H.264) integer transform matrix to a 4x4 DCT matrix and transforms the DCT coefficient into an integer transform coefficient using the approximated 4x4 DCT matrix. The scaling quantization unit may quantize the integer transform coefficient to generate the data in the second format (e.g., H.264 data).

The method comprises: making the conversion for the intra-frame coding frame; only making the transformation from the compress domain digital cosine transform coefficient to the integer transform coefficient; making transformation for the compress domain intra-frame prediction. Making detection for the interested area in the compress domain: the summation of absolute values of the horizontal component and vertical component of current macro block motion vector is less than or equals the threshold TH, then the macro block is estimated as an interested area. Making transformation for the non-interested area: making compress domain open-loop transformation; by using the transformation from the intra compress domain digital cosine transform coefficient to the integer transform coefficient, making re-quantization. Making transformation for the interested area: in the compress domain, making quantization error compensation; making the interpolation error compensation close-loop transformation.

A transforming and / or inverse transforming system, medium, and method for a multi-codec. The transforming system includes a first matrix storage storing 1-dimensional DCT (discrete cosine transform) matrixes corresponding to respective transformation techniques, a second matrix storage storing 2-dimensional DCT matrixes corresponding to the respective transformation techniques, a 1-dimensional transformer 1-dimensionally transforming an input image using a 1-dimensional DCT matrix corresponding to a set transformation technique, a 2-dimensional transformer 2-dimensionally transforming the 1-dimensionally transformed image using a 2-dimensional DCT matrix corresponding to a set transformation technique, and an enhancement transformer enhancement transforming the 1-dimensionally transformed image to improve efficiency of integer transformation.

The present invention is directed to video coding / decoding and discloses a method for transforming to / from transform coefficients and residual pixel data in moving pictures by a set of semi-orthonormal basis vectors. The basis vectors are derived from conventional DCT or KTL matrixes, but relaxes to some extend the requirements for orthogonality, norm equality and element size limitation. In this way the present invention provides improved coding efficiency and lower complexity compared to previously used integer transforms.

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for calculating the Sum of Squared Differences (SSD) between a source block and a reconstructed block of image or video data encoding according to an encoding scheme such as H.264 / AVC. In a preferred embodiment, the method computes the SSD by finding the SSD between coefficients of an integer transformed residual block and the corresponding inverse-quantized coefficients. Preferably the inverse quantized coefficients are found with the aid of a look up table. This method may save computing time and processing power compared to calculating the SSD directly from the source and reconstructed blocks. The SSD is related to the distortion caused by encoding and the method may be used in calculating the rate-distortion of a particular encoding mode. One embodiment of the invention encodes a block of data by selecting the encoding mode with the least rate-distortion.

The invention discloses a self-adaptive reversible digital watermarking method based on integer transformation. The method comprises the steps of watermark embedding and watermark extraction. The step of watermark embedding is double-layer self-adaptive watermark embedding through image block division and block selection. The method comprises the following steps that original images are divided into blocks, the sub-blocks are divided into two parts of a shadow collection and a blank collection, and the shadow collection is embedded firstly; the pixel X of each shadow block is regarded as an embedding unit, the local variance of each shadow block is calculated, the shadow blocks are classified and the smoothness of the shadow blocks is judged; after completion of embedding of the shadow collection, the pixels of the blank collection are predicted by using the embedded pixels so as to complete watermark embedding of a blank spot layer; and embedding of the shadow collection and the blank collection is completed and then the images are merged so that a gray scale image IW after watermark embedding is obtained and the process of watermark embedding is completed. Distortion of the images can be avoided, and the PSNR of the images can be enhanced on the basis of guaranteeing the embedding capacity so that less image distortion under the same embedding capacity can be realized.

The invention discloses a processing method of a reversible watermark on the basis of local positioning and Alattar integer transform. The method utilizes the mean value invariance of the Alattar integer transform to evaluate the local texture characteristics of an image block, and specifically, whether the image block is positioned in a smooth area or not is judged through a degree of correlation between the mean value of the certain image block and all pixels surrounding the image block. In order to keep a high visual quality, the image blocks positioned in the smooth area are subjected to watermark embedding, and the image blocks positioned in a texture complicity area are kept constant. A thought that the local texture characteristics of the image blocks are evaluated by the mean value invariance is utilized to solve the problem that a location plan can not be effectively compressed when an embedding rate is low in an Alattar method so as to realize a high PSNR (Power Signal-to-Noise Ratio) value when the embedding rate is low. In a word, the processing method can efficiently compress the location plan through the introduction of the local positioning so as to improve embedding performance.

The invention discloses a video distortion estimation method in AVS video coding and a device thereof and belongs to the field of video coding and decoding. The method is as follows: carrying out integer transform on the data of an inputted residue difference value and carrying out zooming on the conversion coefficients; then carrying out quantification on the data after the zooming and simultaneously memorizing the data after the zooming, carrying out inverse quantization on the data after the quantification and comparing the outputted inverse quantization data and the memorized data after the zooming to obtain a distortion value the pixel of which is quantified and inversely quantified. The device comprises a residue difference module, a conversion module, a pre-zooming module, an FIFO module, a quantization module, an inverse quantization module, a post zooming module and a distortion adding module. Compared with the prior art, the invention greatly improves the decision time and reduces the depth of a production line. Simultaneously the arithmetic of the invention is closer to the real distortion and improves the video quality.

Systems, apparatuses, methods, and computer program products for processing a 2N×2N integer transform in image and video coding are provided. The 2N×2N integer transform involves a 2N×2N transform matrix, T2N×2N. The apparatus comprises a retrieval unit, a generator, and a calculation unit. The retrieval unit is used for retrieving elements of the 2N×2N transform matrix, T2N×2N. The generator is used for generating an N×N transform matrix, TN×N, in response to the retrieved elements. The calculation unit is used for deriving a result from the 2N×2N integer transform by processing TN×N.

The invention is used in video coding. Systems, apparatuses and methods for processing an order-16 integer transform from an order-8 transform are provided. The order-16 transform method involves expanding an order-8 transform by generating an order-16 integer matrix and a scaling matrix.

The invention relates to an image enhancement method and an image enhancement system based on second-generation wavelet integer transform. The image enhancement method comprises the following steps: S1, performing single-layer decomposition on an original graph to get an original integer low-frequency sub-graph ca; S2, calculating the original integer low-frequency sub-graph ca to get a first integer low-frequency sub-graph ca'; S3, calculating the first integer low-frequency sub-graph ca' to get a second integer low-frequency sub-graph ca''; and S4, reconstructing the second integer low-frequency sub-graph ca'' to get an enhanced new image. According to the invention, through second-generation wavelet integer transform, single-layer decomposition is performed on an image, and the low-frequency sub-graph coefficient is equalized. The image noise is reduced while the image is enhanced effectively, and an ideal image processing effect is achieved.

The present invention mainly uses the integer transforming method to carry on the forward integer transforming treatment for image data or video data to fransform them into vector space expressed in the forward integer transforming matrix, and the inverse integer transforming treatment is carried on for data having been transformed by for ward integer in order to restore and to obtain the original image data or the video data. The inter transforming device in the present invention is formed by connecting each function unit together through data bus to fulfil the integer transforming method.

Methods of encoding and decoding moving images are provided in which noise from an input image is simultaneously encoded and removed. The method of encoding moving images includes selecting a modified multiplication factor table in block units in consideration of noise information of the input image, integer-transforming the input image, and quantizing the input image using the selected modified multiplication factor table. Consequently, the efficiency and performance of compressing moving images can be enhanced.

An integer transform, which provides integer output values, carries out the TDAC function of a MDCT in the time domain before the forward transform. In overlapping windows, this results in a Givens rotation which may be represented by lifting matrices, wherein time-discrete sampled values of an audio signal may at first be summed up on a pair-wise basis to build a vector so as to be sequentially provided with a lifting matrix. After each multiplication of a vector by a lifting matrix, a rounding step is carried out such that, on the output-side, only integers will result. By transforming the windowed integer sampled value with an integer transform, a spectral representation with integer spectral values may be obtained. The inverse mapping with an inverse rotation matrix and corresponding inverse lifting matrices results in an exact reconstruction.

A video streaming format conversion method and device from MPEG-2 to AVS, which contains length change decoding unit, counter quantization unit, counter DCT conversion unit, mode mapping and motion vector conversion unit, integer conversion unit, quantization unit and length and code change unit, wherein the MPEG-2 code streaming inputted in length change decoding unit for decoding and outputting code streaming one of which outputted to length change coding unit, another outputted to length change coding unit through mode mapping and motion vector conversion unit, then outputting AVS code stream, said invention avoids complicate mode selection algorithm and realizes quick conversion of video streaming format from MPEG-2 to AVS.

A method and apparatus for including in a processor instructions for performing integer transforms including multiply-add operations and horizontal-add operations on packed data. In one embodiment, a processor is coupled to a memory that stores a first packed byte data and a second packed byte data. The processor performs operations on said first packed byte data and said second packed byte data to generate a third packed data in response to receiving a multiply-add instruction. A plurality of the 16-bit data elements in this third packed data storing the result of performing multiply-add operations on data elements in the first and second packed byte data. The processor adds together at least a first and a second 16-bit data element of the third packed data in response to receiving an horizontal-add instruction to generate a 16-bit result as one of a plurality of data elements of a fourth packed data.