220 results about "Pupil diameter" patented technology

A new lens design and method of implantation uses the change in pupil diameter of the eye concurrent with the changes induced by a contraction of the ciliary muscle during the accommodative reflex, in order to assist in focusing of nearby objects. This new intraocular lens consists of two parts. The posterior part or haptic part is inserted behind the iris and in front of the natural lens or artificial implant. Its main purpose is to participate in the accommodative mechanism and to prevent excessive lateral movement and luxation of the lens. An anterior or optical part is made of flexible material and is placed before the iris. Its diameter is variable but should be large enough to cover the pupillary margins to some degree under various conditions of natural dilation. The anterior and posterior part of the lens are separated by a compressible circular groove in which the iris will settle. The diameter of this groove is slightly larger than the pupillary diameter measured under normal photopic daylight conditions and for distance vision. Since the pupil becomes smaller in near vision, the iris will exert a slight pressure at the level of the groove of the lens which will cause a progressive and evenly distributed flexing of the anterior part of the intraocular lens, as the diameter of the compressible circular groove slightly decreases. This flexing will induce an increase in refractive power which corresponds to a variable part of the amount necessary for focusing nearby objects.

Devices and methods are disclosed that treat a medical condition, such as migraine headache, by electrically stimulating a nerve noninvasively, which may be a vagus nerve situated within a patient's neck. Preferred embodiments allow a patient to self-treat his or her condition. Disclosed methods assure that the device is being positioned correctly on the neck and that the amplitude and other parameters of the stimulation actually stimulate the vagus nerve with a therapeutic waveform. Those methods comprise measuring properties of the patient's larynx, pupil diameters, blood flow within an eye, electrodermal activity and / or heart rate variability.

A rear-facing pupil diameter sensing system for an ophthalmic lens comprising an electronic system is described herein. The rear-facing pupil diameter sensing system is part of an electronic system incorporated into the ophthalmic lens. The electronic system includes one or more batteries or other power sources, power management circuitry, one or more sensors, clock generation circuitry, control algorithms and circuitry, and lens driver circuitry. The rear-facing pupil diameter sensing system is utilized to determine pupil position and use this information to control various aspects of the ophthalmic lens.

It is possible to estimate optical characteristic according to a pupil diameter in daily life of an examinee, correction data near to the optimal prescription value, eyesight, and sensitivity. A calculation section receives measurement data indicating refractive power distribution of an eye to be examined and pupil data on the eye and calculates lower order and higher order aberrations according to the measurement data and the pupil data (S101 to 105). For example, a pupil edge is detected from the anterior ocular segment image and a pupil diameter is calculated. By using this pupil diameter, lower order and higher order aberrations are calculated. According to the lower order and higher order aberrations obtained, the calculation section performs simulation of a retina image by using high contrast or low contrast target and estimates the eyesight by comparing the result to a template and / or obtains sensitivity (S107). Alternatively, according to the lower order and the higher order aberraations obtained, the calculation section calculates an evaluation parameter indicating the quality of visibility by the eye to be examined such as the Strehl ratio, the phase shift (PTF), and the visibility by comparison of the retina image simulation with the template. According to the evaluation parameter calculated, the calculation section changes the lower order aberration amount so as to calculate appropriate correction data for the eye to be examined (S107). The calculation section outputs data such as the eyesight, sensitivity, correction data, and the simulation result to a memory or a display section (S109).

An endoscope objective lens for collecting combined bright field (white light) and fluorescence images includes a negative lens group, a stop, and a positive lens group. The lens has a combination of large entrance pupil diameter (≧0.4 mm) for efficiently collecting weak fluorescence light, large ratio between the entrance pupil diameter and the maximum outside diameter (Dentrance / Dmax larger than 0.2), large field of view (FFOV≧120°) and favorably corrected spherical, lateral chromatic and Petzval field curvature for both visible and near infrared wavelengths.

The invention relates to a microscope that enables a phase object or surface pits and projections to be observed at a relatively low image-formation magnification of 4 or lower over a wide viewing range yet in a relatively narrow spatial frequency distribution range. The microscope comprises a light source 2, an illumination optical system 3 for guiding light from the light source 2 to an object 4 under observation, a partial aperture located substantially at the pupil position 28 of the illumination optical system 3 and an image-formation optical system 15, 16, 18 for forming on the image-formation plane 19 an image 4 of the object under observation illuminated by light passing through the partial aperture, and further comprises an eyepiece optical system 6 or an image pickup optical system for viewing the image formed on the image-formation plane 19. The diameter of the image of said partial aperture at the pupil position 30 of the image-formation optical system is set smaller than the pupil diameter of the image-formation optical system, and at the pupil position 30 of the image-formation optical system there is located wavefront introduction means for introducing in the pupil position 30 of the image-formation optical system a wavefront varying in size with the pupil diameter.

The perimeter comprises a display device 1, infrared light-emitting diodes 2, a CCD camera 3, a half mirror 4, an image processing device 5, a computer 6, and an operating switch 7. The computer 6 shows a fixed eye-target for fixing a line of sight of a subject and a light stimulus eye-target for giving a light stimulus to a pupil of the subject at a plurality of predetermined positions on the display device 1. The infrared light-emitting diodes 2 irradiate infrared light to an eye of the subject. The CCD camera 3 takes an image of the eye of the subject using the infrared light irradiated from the infrared light-emitting diodes 2. The image processing device 5 detects a pupil diameter of the subject based on the image taken by the CCD camera 3. The computer 6 measures a visual field of the subject based on the change of the pupil diameter of the subject detected by the image processing device 5. The feature of the present invention resides in that the display device 1 comprises a display device capable of adjusting background luminance of a screen and brightness of the light stimulus eye-target separately.

Conditions for starting the playback of the next cut in the middle of the cut of a drama are assumed to be such that, for the first cut, a viewer / listener blinks two times in the detection time zone, and for the second cut, the pupil diameter of the viewer / listener has become 8 mm or more in the detection time zone. The CPU of a playback apparatus determines whether or not the conditions are satisfied when the cut is played back, and when the conditions are satisfied, the playback of the next cut is started even in the middle of the cut. In the case of music, when the rhythm of the respiration of the viewer / listener or the motion of the body is not in tune with the rhythm of the music, the playback of the next music is started even in the middle of the music.

A plurality of iris codes are registered for each registrant in an iris database (12) together with pupil diameter-iris diameter ratio R. At the time of authentication, an iris code is obtained from a captured iris image by feature extraction while pupil diameter-iris diameter ratio R is obtained. Ratio R obtained at the time of registration and ratio R obtained at the time of authentication are compared to specify an appropriate iris code from the iris database (12) as an item to be collated before authentication.

The invention provides an anti-fake iris identity authentication method used for intelligent glasses. According to the method, requirements for periphery devices are low, multiple faking methods can be detected, and the high-adaptability anti-fake purpose is achieved. The method comprises the steps of (1) extracting standard images and saving user iris characteristics in the standard images as standard iris characteristics; (2) generating a random incident light intensity change sequence based on ambient light to stimulate the eyes of a user, collecting a dynamic user eye image, obtaining an eye image sequence, and extracting and saving user iris characteristics in the dynamic eye image as iris characteristics to be detected; (3) obtaining a pupil diameter change sequence through the dynamic user eye image and calculating the matching rate Pass1 between the pupil diameter change sequence and the incident light intensity change sequence; (4) selecting an image to be authenticated from the dynamic user eye image, selecting a comparison standard image from the standard images, and calculating the matching rate Pass2 of the iris characteristics of the image to be authenticated and the iris characteristics of the comparison standard image; (5) obtaining an authentication result according to the Pass1 and the Pass2.

Devices and methods are disclosed that treat a medical condition, such as migraine headache, by electrically stimulating a nerve noninvasively, which may be a vagus nerve situated within a patient's neck. Preferred embodiments allow a patient to self-treat his or her condition. Disclosed methods assure that the device is being positioned correctly on the neck and that the amplitude and other parameters of the stimulation actually stimulate the vagus nerve with a therapeutic waveform. Those methods comprise measuring properties of the patient's larynx, pupil diameters, blood flow within an eye, electrodermal activity and / or heart rate variability.

The invention discloses a method for controlling screen luminance of a display terminal. The method comprises the steps as follows: step one, a human eye image of the face of a current user is collected; step two, the collected human eye image is recognized, and iris information and pupil diameter information of the current user are obtained; and step three, whether the iris information of the current user is that of a pre-stored user is determined, if yes, according to a preset corresponding relation between iris information and pupil diameter information of each user and a screen luminance value of the display terminal, the screen luminance value of the display terminal corresponding to the iris information and the pupil diameter information of the current user is obtained, and then the screen luminance display of the display terminal is controlled. According to the method for controlling the screen luminance of the display terminal and the display terminal, the screen luminance of the display terminal can be adjusted automatically, requirements of the user are met, the power consumed by the display terminal is saved, the power consumption of the display terminal is reduced, and the daily power fare expense of the user is reduced.

Devices and methods are disclosed that treat a medical condition, such as migraine headache, by electrically stimulating a nerve noninvasively, which may be a vagus nerve situated within a patient's neck. Preferred embodiments allow a patient to self-treat his or her condition. Disclosed methods assure that the device is being positioned correctly on the neck and that the amplitude and other parameters of the stimulation actually stimulate the vagus nerve with a therapeutic waveform. Those methods comprise measuring properties of the patient's larynx, pupil diameters, blood flow within an eye, electrodermal activity and / or heart rate variability.

An improved eye tracker system and methods for detecting eye parameters including eye movement using a pupil center, pupil diameter (i.e., dilation), blink duration, and blink frequency, which may be used to determine a variety of physiological and psychological conditions. The eye tracker system and methods operates at a ten-fold reduction in power usage as compared to current system and methods. Furthermore, eye tracker system and methods allows for a more optimal use in variable light situations such as in the outdoors and does not require active calibration by the user.

An eye refractive power measurement apparatus which is capable of measuring even an eye with a small pupil diameter and measuring a normal eye with a large enough pupil diameter with accuracy and stability. The apparatus includes a measurement optical system for photo-receiving measurement light from a fundus via a ring-shaped aperture arranged at an approximately conjugate position with a pupil by using a photodetector, a changing device for changing a size of the ring-shaped aperture on a pupillary surface to a size different in both inside diameter and outside diameter, and a calculation device for calculating the eye refractive power based on a photo-receiving result obtained by the photodetector.

It is possible to estimate optical characteristic according to a pupil diameter in daily life of an examinee, correction data near to the optimal prescription value, eyesight, and sensitivity. A calculation section receives measurement data indicating refractive power distribution of an eye to be examined and pupil data on the eye and calculates lower order and higher order aberrations according to the measurement data and the pupil data (S101 to 105). For example, a pupil edge is detected from the anterior ocular segment image and a pupil diameter is calculated. By using this pupil diameter, lower order and higher order aberrations are calculated. According to the lower order and higher order aberrations obtained, the calculation section performs simulation of a retina image by using high contrast or low contrast target and estimates the eyesight by comparing the result to a template and / or obtains sensitivity (S107). Alternatively, according to the lower order and the higher order aberrations obtained, the calculation section calculates an evaluation parameter indicating the quality of visibility by the eye to be examined such as the Strehl ratio, the phase shift (PTF), and the visibility by comparison of the retina image simulation with the template. According to the evaluation parameter calculated, the calculation section changes the lower order aberration amount so as to calculate appropriate correction data for the eye to be examined (S107). The calculation section outputs data such as the eyesight, sensitivity, correction data, and the simulation result to a memory or a display section (S109).

A computationally efficient and robust approach for monitoring the instantaneous pupil response as a correlate to significant cognitive response to relevant stimuli derives data samples d(n) of the pupil diameter (area), v(n) of pupil velocity and a(n) of pupil acceleration from the pupillary response and segments the data samples into a sequence of time-shifted windows. A feature extractor extracts a plurality of spatio-temporal pupil features from the data samples from the response and baseline periods in each window. A classifier trained to detect patterns of the extracted spatio-temporal pupil features for relevant stimuli generates an output indicative of the occurrence of absence of a significant cognitive response in the subject to a relevant stimulus.

The invention provides a visual fatigue detection and mitigation method which is characterized by comprising the following steps: diameter values of pupils of a user are detected; change frequency of the pupil diameters of the user is detected; and when the change frequency of the pupil diameters of the user surpasses a predetermined frequency value, a display parameter of a screen watched by the user is adjusted. The change frequency of the pupil diameters of the user is detected, and the change frequency of the pupil diameters is compared with the predetermined frequency value indicating visual fatigue so that the visual fatigue situation of the user can be accurately mastered, the screen display parameter of a device watched by the user can be timely adjusted and thus visual fatigue of the user is mitigated.

A plurality of iris codes are registered for each registrant in an iris database (12) together with pupil diameter-iris diameter ratio R. At the time of authentication, an iris code is obtained from a captured iris image by feature extraction while pupil diameter-iris diameter ratio R is obtained. Ratio R obtained at the time of registration and ratio R obtained at the time of authentication are compared to specify an appropriate iris code from the iris database (12) as an item to be collated before authentication.

The invention provides a tristimania diagnosis system and method based on attention and emotion information fusion. The system comprises an emotion stimulating module, an image collecting module, a data transmission module, a data pre-processing module, a data processing module, a feature extraction module and an identification feedback module, wherein the emotion stimulating module is used for setting a plurality of emotion stimulating tasks and providing the emotion stimulating tasks to a subject; the image collecting module is used for collecting eye images and face images of the subject in the emotion stimulating task performing process; the data transmission module is used for obtaining and sending the eye images and the face images; the data pre-processing module is used for pre-processing the eye images and the face images; the data processing module is used for calculating the attention point position and the pupil diameter of the subject; the feature extraction module is used for extracting attention type features and emotion type features; and the identification feedback module is used for performing tristimania diagnosis and identification on the subject. The system and the method have the advantage that the tristimania can be comprehensively, systematically and quantificationally identified by using the attention point center distance features, the attention deviation score features, the emotion zone width and the face expression features.

Apparatus and methods to increase the depth of field in human vision in order to correct for loss in refocusing ability. Optics variations, such as changes in thickness, shape, or index of refraction of contact lenses, intraocular implants, or the shape of the cornea or eye lens, affect the phase, or wavefront, of the light perceived by the eye. The optics variations are chosen such that the resulting optical transfer function remains relatively constant over a desired range of object distances and pupil diameters.

An implantable system for determining the accommodation requirement in an artificial accommodation system by optical measurement of the pupil diameter and the surrounding luminance, including at least one optical system, at least one data acquisition system that does not contact the ciliary muscle and measures a diameter of the pupil and luminance around at least one eye as a physical control signal for the accommodation requirement, at least one data processing system for generating an actuating signal for the optical system from the detected physical control signals or for the purpose of switching to the standby mode, at least one energy supply system, and at least one fixing system. The system has one sensor or a plurality of sensors with sensor elements for measuring the pupil diameter and the surrounding luminance.

The invention discloses a near-to-eye display system comprising an image source and an array imaging device. The array imaging device consists of at least two imaging mirror surfaces; and exit pupils corresponding to all the imaging mirror surfaces are spliced together. Image light outputted by the image source is reflected to a human eye by the array imaging device to form a projection image; and ambient light is transmitted by the array imaging device to enter the human eye to form an environmental image. Because the array imaging device consists of at least two imaging mirror surfaces and the exit pupils corresponding to all the imaging mirror surfaces are spliced together, the exit pupil diameter of augmented reality equipment is extended equivalently, so that the image light outputted by the augmented reality equipment can enter the pupil of the eye easily. Compared with the exit pupil of the single optical lens, the exit pupil provide by the system increases obviously, so that the strict restriction of the position of human eye observation is reduced or avoided and thus the applicable people range of the augmented reality equipment is extended. Moreover, pupil distance adjustment of the augmented reality equipment by the user is not required.

The invention relates to the field of medical appliances. In order to effectively improve the accuracy, the simplicity and the convenience of a mental workload measuring system and in order to reach the goal, the invention adopts the technical scheme of providing a mental workload measuring method based on multiple physiological parameter PCA (principal component analysis) merging. The method comprises the following steps that three physiological parameters including the HRV (heart rate variability), the pupil diameter and the SR (skin resistance), the PCA technology is utilized for obtaining weight coefficients of the three parameters, a MWS (mental workload score) is calculated according to a parameter merging calculation formula, the MWS equals to the sum of the products of each parameter and the respective weight, and in addition, the MWS is used as the measuring index of the metal workload. The metal workload measuring method is mainly used for the design and the manufacture of medical appliances.

The invention provides a fatigue driving monitoring device and a fatigue driving monitoring method. The fatigue driving monitoring method comprises the steps of: 1) acquiring an acquired image; 2) converting the acquired image into a YCbCr space, extracting a skin color region and carrying out binarization to obtain a face rectangular frame; 3) scanning pixel points in the face rectangular frame, increasing radius by taking each pixel point as a circle center, finishing the scanning until the pixel points exceeding a preset proportion in the scanning regions are white points or the scanning regions reach the boundary of the face rectangular frame, and regarding the diameter of a maximum scanning regions as pupil diameter; 4) and judging whether a driver is fatigued through monitoring the pupil size in real time according to a PERCLOS algorithm. The fatigue driving monitoring device and the fatigue driving monitoring method can form the face rectangular frame in the YCbCr space quickly, simply and accurately, and detects the fatigue state of the driver through combining the real-time pupil size monitoring with the PERCLOS fatigue detection method. The fatigue driving monitoring device and the fatigue driving monitoring method are simple and efficient, fast in operation speed and high in accuracy, and the monitoring process and result are not affected by the inclination angle of face.

A computationally efficient and robust approach for monitoring the instantaneous pupil response as a correlate to significant cognitive response to relevant stimuli derives data samples d(n) of the pupil diameter (area), v(n) of pupil velocity and a(n) of pupil acceleration from the pupillary response and segments the data samples into a sequence of time-shifted windows. A feature extractor extracts a plurality of spatio-temporal pupil features from the data samples from the response and baseline periods in each window. A classifier trained to detect patterns of the extracted spatio-temporal pupil features for relevant stimuli generates an output indicative of the occurrence of absence of a significant cognitive response in the subject to a relevant stimulus.

An adaptive optics microperimetry, infrared beacon emits infrared light to the pupil of the subject, the Hartmann wavefront sensor measures the wavefront aberration of the human eye carried by the reflected light of the fundus, and the computer calculates the control voltage based on the measured aberration , driving the wavefront corrector to correct the aberration of the human eye. After the aberration correction is completed, the fixed optotype for fixing the line of sight of the examinee and the optical stimulation optotype for providing optical stimulation to the fundus of the examinee are displayed at a plurality of predetermined positions on the stimulus optotype display device. The pupil camera uses the infrared light emitted by the infrared light source in front of the eye to capture the subject's human eye pupil image and calculate the pupil diameter. The computer controls the change of the optical stimulus visual target according to the change of the subject's pupil diameter, and measures the subject's field of vision. The invention has high reliability, reduces the stimulus redundancy caused by the aberration of the human eye in the visual field test, is beneficial to discover early micro-perspective defects, and provides a powerful tool for the evaluation of the micro-perspective defects of the human eye and the diagnosis of related diseases.

The invention discloses an eye tracking method for human-computer interaction of a mobile device. The system is moderately comfortable, and has high precision and robustness, and high feasibility and effectiveness. The system comprises an eye image processing layer, an eye feature detection layer, an eye data calculation layer and an eye interactive application layer. The eye image processing layer comprises image acquisition and image preprocessing, namely, filtering or binarization. The eye feature detection layer comprises pupil detection, pupil location, pupil edge fitting, Pu Chin spot detection and template matching. The eye data calculation layer comprises point of fixation coordinates, pupil-conea reflection vector, point of fixation calibration, other data and pupil diameter. The eye interactive application layer comprises region of interest selection or switching, and specific interactive application.

The invention provides a mobile terminal display screen brightness intelligent adjustment method and a mobile terminal. The method comprises the steps of S1, obtaining an image file containing user pupil information; S2, processing the image file and calculating the user pupil diameter according to the pupil information; S3, comparing the pupil diameter and a preset comfort range, judging whether the display screen brightness is proper and obtaining a display brightness adjustment value of discomfort; S4, adjusting the display screen display brightness and making the user pupil diameter enter the preset comfort range. A light sensor is used for obtaining ambient light change values, an information acquiring module is used for obtaining the user pupil information and an image processing module is used for measuring the pupil diameter; the brightness of the display screen is automatically adjusted to increase or decrease gradually by judging whether the pupil diameter is in the comfort range. Based on the fact that different people have different light sensitivities and acceptances of eyes, the method realizes intelligent display brightness adjustment, thereby effectively improving the user experience.

A diopsimeter comprises a display (1), an infrared light-emitting diode (2), a CCD camera (3), a half-silvered mirror (4), an image processing device (5), a computer (6), and an operation switch (7). The computer (6) displays a fixing target for fixing the line of sight of a subject and light stimulus targets for giving light stimulus to the pupil of the subject at predetermined positions of the display (1). The infrared light-emitting diodes (2) projects infrared radiation toward the eye ball of the subject. The CCD camera (3) images the eye ball of the subject by using the projected infrared radiation. The image processing device (5) detects the diameter of the pupil of the subject from captured image. The computer (6) measures the field of view from the variation of the detected pupil diameter. The characteristic point of the invention is that the display (1) is so constructed that the luminance of the background of the screen and the luminances of the light stimulus targets can be independently adjusted.