59results about How to "Long residual period" patented technology

The invention relates to a dwarfing and pest-killing corn plant core-removing agent, which comprises the following raw material medicaments in percentage by weight: diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate 0.05-2.5, ethephon or paclobutrazol 0.1-3, chlorpyrifos 0.3-3, imidacloprid 0.01-0.09, pirimor 0.1-2.5 and auxiliary the balance. The medicament can complete pest prevention and control and growth regulation by one time of core-removing medicament application, wherein in one time of core-removing medicament application, various corn pests such as ostrinia nubilalis and aphid are prevented and controlled; the average corn plant height is reduced by 20 to 50 centimeters; the prevention and control rate of the ostrinia nubilalis and core-eating worms is over 80 percent; the prevention and control rateof the aphid is over 95 percent; and the corn yield is increased by more than 20 to 50 percent. The medicament is simple convenient in application, labor-saving, medicament-saving and safe, prevents harm caused by the ostrinia nubilalis and aphid in a whole period of growth of corns and completely solves the problem of pest prevention and control in a post-period of corns, thereby increasing cornyield and harvest, reducing environmental pollution and being worthy to be promoted and used.

The azacycle containing pesticide microemulsion and its preparation process relates to many sorts of new water emulsion pesticide preparations. The present invention features that some azacycle containing pesticides may be dissolved temporarily in the mixed solution system of inorganic acid with or without organic acid and the solution may be maintained by using surfactant with or without antifreezing thickener, so as to prepare azacycle containing pesticide microemulsion of 2-60 % concentration and containing no harmful solvent. The present invention opens one new way for preparing water emulsion pesticide preparations.

The invention relates to an agricultural insecticide composition, and in particular discloses an insecticide composition containing spinosad and etofenprox. When the insecticide composition is a suspending agent, a wettable powder or a water dispersible granule and has a formula comprising the following components: 1-70 percent of active component, 1-20 percent of compound auxiliary agent and 10-98 percent of stuffing; when the insecticide composition is an aqueous emulsion or a microemulsion, the formula of the insecticide composition comprises the following components: 1-40 percent of active component, 1-19 percent of compound auxiliary agent, 5-40 percent of solvent and 1-93 percent of water; and the active component comprises spinosad and etofenprox in the mass ratio of 1:(0.045-500). The insecticide composition has the advantages of good insecticidal effect, long pest control time, difficult generation of resistance for pests, safety for crops, environmental protection, wide insecticidal range, low cost and the like.

The invention relates to a preparation method of recombinant bamboo. The preparation method comprises the following steps: cutting off a bamboo filament bundle into bamboo sections with the required length; applying an adhesive to the cut-off bamboo filament bundle and curing the adhesive; applying protective agents to the bamboo filament bundle, so that the protective agents are uniformly distributed on the surface of the bamboo filament bundle; drying the bamboo filament bundle; and paving the dry bamboo filament bundle into a plate blank and performing hot-press molding. The recombinant bamboo prepared by the method can synchronously realize flame-retardant, corrosion-resistant, mildew-proof and insect-preventing effects and has the characteristics of comprehensive distribution of pesticide effect, long residual period, high penetrability and the like.

The invention relates to a pesticide and a preparation method thereof, in particular to an unselective herbicide and a preparation method thereof. The unselective herbicide is characterized by being an oil suspending agent prepared by mixing glyphosate, oxyfluorfen and auxiliary materials. In the invention, the glyphosate and the oxyfluorfen are combined, the oxyfluorfen has the touch killing action on the blades of a plant so as to accelerate the absorption of the glyphosate and enhance the pesticide effect of the glyphosate, and the oxyfluorfen has the certain inhibiting effect on weed seeds in the soil so as to prolong the residual life. The herbicide has the advantages of excellent performances on weeding speed, environmental friendliness and herbicide cost conservation as well as obvious effect, wide weeding spectrum, long pesticide effect, rain washing resistance, environmental friendliness and the like on the weeding effect.

The invention relates to multifunctional corn composite granules, which comprise the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 0.1 to 3.0 percent of carbendazol, 0.1 to 3.0 percent of mancozeb, 0.5 to 3.5 percent of ethephon, 0.1 to 3.0 percent of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 1.0 to 3.5 percent of imidacloprid, 0.5 to 3.0 percent of phoxim or monosultap and the balance of auxiliary materials. Bactericide, pesticide and growth adjustor are compounded in the granules to integrate pest removal, pathogenic bacteria prevention and control and growth adjustment, and the granules are applied at one time and can simultaneously prevent and control multiple pests and pathogenic bacteria of corn; and the total prevention and control rate of the granules on the corn pests reaches over 90 percent, and the average yield increase range of the corn is 25 to 35 percent. the granules have broad spectrum, high efficiency, low toxicity, good compatibility, complementary effect and long acting time, can ensure that the corn is not harmed by the pests such as stem borers, aphids and the like during the whole corn growth period by early application, and thoroughly solve the problem of difficult prevention and control of plant diseases and insect pests in the medium and later stages of the corn growth.

The invention discloses Acremonium hansfordii Ahy1 and Acremonium hansfordii wettable powder. The Acremonium hansfordii wettable powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 10 percent of Acremonium hansfordii conidium powder, 2 percent of wetting agent, 5 percent of dispersing agent, 0.8 percent of ultraviolet protective agent, 1 percent of stabilizing agent and the balance of carrier. The Acremonium hansfordii Ahy1 is screened and separated in a drought environment, is different from strains from other areas due to the geographic environment in which the Acremonium hansfordii Ahy1 is positioned, and has good property of high stress resistance. Meanwhile, indoor and field efficacy proves that the Acremonium hansfordii wettable powder has high infectivity on aphid.

The invention relates to an insecticidal (acaricidal) composition having lufenuron and tebufenozide and application thereof. The insecticidal (acaricidal) composition mainly comprises the lufenuron and the tebufenozide and comprises an accessory ingredient and excipients, wherein the mass part ratio of the lufenuron to the tebufenozide is 10:1-1:50. The composition can be prepared into microemulsion, a suspending agent, aqueous emulsion, water dispersible granules, wetting powder or missible oil. The insecticidal (acaricidal) composition has a synergy effect, broadens pest prevention spectra,overcomes and stays the drug fastness of the pest, prolongs the service life of pesticides, and reduces the cost and the pesticide residue. The composition can prevent and treat Lepidoptera, Homoptera, Thysanoptera, Acarina pest (acarus) on crops, especially can prevent and treat diamond back moth, spodoptera litura, trialeurodes vaporariorum, rust mite and the like. The effect of the compositionis obviously better than that of two pesticides used separately.

The invention discloses a mamestra brassicae nuclear polyhedrosis virus-containing pesticidal suspending agent. The mamestra brassicae nuclear polyhedrosis virus-containing pesticidal suspending agent is prepared from mamestra brassicae nuclear polyhedrosis virus raw powder, gamma-polyglutamic acid, a stabilizer, a surfactant, synergist, a light protectant, a dispersing agent and water. Compared with the prior art, the mamestra brassicae nuclear polyhedrosis virus-containing pesticidal suspending agent has the following advantages that the biodegradability is achieved, gamma-PGA is a high-molecular polymer which is synthesized by microorganisms and prepared from glutamic acid through alpha-amino and gamma-carboxyl in a peptide bond form, can be completely degraded by the microorganisms and is friendly to people and the environment; the capacity of the mamestra brassicae nuclear polyhedrosis virus-containing pesticidal suspending agent for resisting irradiation of ultraviolet rays in sunlight in the using process is improved, and the pesticidal activity of the pesticidal suspending agent is 3.40 times that of a control group after the pesticidal suspending agent is irradiated by the sunlight for 7 days; the adhesion capacity of the mamestra brassicae nuclear polyhedrosis virus-containing suspending agent on plants is improved, the suspending agent is resistant to rainwash, the pesticidal activity of the suspending agent can reach 2.52 times or above that of the control group, and therefore the residual period is prolonged.

The invention discloses a method for measuring for measuring response of anoplophora chinensis to volatile substances. The method comprises the following steps of cutting tentacles of adult anoplophora chinensis along base parts; cutting a small amount of tentacle tips; horizontally putting the cut tentacles on an electrode through a conductive adhesive; introducing every reference sample into gas chromatography; carrying out gas chromatography-electroantennographic detection; repeating the experiments; carefully comparing peak shapes and retention time of compounds on chromatogram of the gas chromatography-electroantennographic detection, so as to determine active substances; further determining the active substances by wild attractive activity experiment of the anoplophora chinensis; and then screening out effective attractive chemical compound monomers according to experiment results. The active substances are obtained by directly detecting extracts of the volatile substances. Compared with previous data, the data obtained by the invention is more reliable and effective. Besides, working efficiency is increased to a large extent.

This invention belongs to preparative technique field of Biological Pesticide, Specifically relating to a gamma-PGA which is used as protective additive for Bacillus thuringiensis praeparatum and the its application that it is used as protective agent in thuringiensis praeparatum preparation . using gamma-PGA as Bt praeparatum, can reduce activity loss of Bt praeparatum in spray drying process, compared with control group, the anthelminthic activity, crystalline and gemma content of invented praeparatum raise about 18.55%,11.24% and 20.38% respectively. Besides, the application of this invention elevates anti- ultraviolet irradiation capability of Bt praeparatum in practically using process, after Sunlight shines 7 days, its anthelminthic activity is 4.30 times of control group. The application of this invention elevates sticky and attaching capability of Bt praeparatum at plant strain. It bears rain water underscouring, its anthelminthic activity can achieve more than 2.23 times of control group, accordingly extend residual period.

The invention relates to a novel mildew-proof pest control agent for wood. The novel mildew-proof pest control agent for the wood is mainly prepared from, by mass, 30-50 parts of carbendazim, 20-40 parts of silicone oil, 10-20 parts of borax, 5-8 parts of glycerin, 5-10 parts of semi-drying vegetable oil and 80-120 parts of water. The novel mildew-proof pest control agent for the wood has the advantages that the mildew-proof pest control agent for the wood is not a single protective agent, the mildew-proof and pest control comprehensive effect is achieved, and the control effect is significant. Particularly, the good effect is achieved on tableware wood products and decorative wood products, and no peculiar smell exists for a long time.

The invention discloses an oil-tea cake extract and bacillus thuringiensis compound insecticide and a preparation method thereof. The compound insecticide is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 35-65% of oil-tea cake extract, 10-30% of bacillus thuringiensis fungicide, 4-20% of a surfactant, 4-20% of an assistant and 4-20% of a filler. The invention further discloses a preparation method for the compound insecticide. The compound insecticide is wide in insecticidal spectrum, high in activity, fast and stable in insecticidal efficacy and long in residual life, has good killing and wounding effects on old larvae, and has small influences on the environment. According to the compound insecticide, the additional value of the oil tea can be improved, and the wider application of the bacillus thuringiensis can be promoted.

The invention relates to a biocontrol seed coating agent for tomatoes and an application of the biocontrol seed coating agent, and belongs to the technical field of applications of biocontrol bacteria. In order to solve the problems of low efficiency of agricultural control and large pollution of chemical control aiming at a tomato damping-off disease and root rot, the invention provides the biocontrol seed coating agent for the tomatoes. The biocontrol seed coating agent comprises a composite microbial agent and auxiliary agents, wherein the composite microbial agent is formed by compoundingof a fermented liquid of bacillus velezensis WZ-37, a fermented liquid of bacillus subtilis WXCDD105, a fermented liquid of pseudomonas azotoformans WXCDD51, a fermented liquid of bacillus amyloliquefaciens Ba and a fermented liquid of bacillus subtilis Bs wy-1; and auxiliary agents comprise gibberellin, a thickening agent, a dispersant, a film forming agent and a coloring agent. The composite microbial agent provided by the invention has stable antibacterial effects on pathogens of the tomato damping-off disease and root rot, and the growth inhibition rates of hyphae of the two pathogenic bacteria both reach 100%; and the biocontrol seed coating agent is applied to prevent and control the tomato damping-off disease and root rot, and has the advantages of high efficiency, economy, safety and long longevity of residues.

The invention relates to an agricultural insect-killing composition with abamectin and beauveria bassiana as main active ingredients and application thereof.The agricultural insect-killing composite contains active drug components, pesticide carriers and auxiliaries.The drug components include abamectin and beauveria bassiana, and the weight ratio of abamectin to beauveria bassiana is (0.06-6):100.The agricultural insect-killing composition has no harmful effect on humans or livestock or natural enemies, abamectin and beauveria bassiana are compounded and have high complementarity, resistance of pests to beauveria bassiana is reduced, the concurrent treatment effect of abamectin is improved, the residual life of abamectin is prolonged, resistance cannot be easily generated, and the economic benefit is quite remarkable.

The invention discloses an acetamiprid micro emulsion type insecticide comprising by weight percent 3-30% acetaniprid, 5-10% polyphosphoric acids, 6-8% sulfuric acid, 15-21% acetic acid, 10-15% emulsifying agent and tap water. The invention features in high activity, low cost, easiness in application, high insecticidal efficiency, and improved product quality.

The invention relates to a pesticide, in particular a multiple-effect plant source pesticide and its production method, which is prepared from birch bark powder, ginkgo leaves powder and ginseng leaves powder through ethanol extraction, deslagging, mixed reclamation, ethanol compression, and specific density adjustment. The pesticide has strong quenching and killing actions to bacteria, fungus and viruses causing plant damages.

The invention discloses an oil-tea cake extract and bacillus thuringiensis compound insecticide and a preparation method thereof. The compound insecticide is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 35-65% of oil-tea cake extract, 10-30% of bacillus thuringiensis fungicide, 4-20% of a surfactant, 4-20% of an assistant and 4-20% of a filler. The invention further discloses a preparation method for the compound insecticide. The compound insecticide is wide in insecticidal spectrum, high in activity, fast and stable in insecticidal efficacy and long in residual life, has good killing and wounding effects on old larvae, and has small influences on the environment. According to the compound insecticide, the additional value of the oil tea can be improved, and the wider application of the bacillus thuringiensis can be promoted.

The invention relates to a compound granule or microgranule of trichlorphon and phoxim and a preparation method thereof. The granule or the microgranule comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1-10 percent of trichlorphon, 1-8 percent of phoxim, 1-8 percent of white carbon black, 1-5 percent of calcium chloride or ammonium sulfate, 2-5 percent of starch or paraffin and 68-86 percent of china clay or kaolin or kieselguhr or coal gangue or slag. For some crops, particularly for the planting of tobaccos, the granule or the microgranule has good settleability, small drift, light environmental pollution, short residual period, convenient application and time and labor saving. The new preparation form has strong complementarity, greatly improves the stability of solid preparations and avoids adverse factors that the trichlorphon is easy to absorb moisture, acidize and decompose, and the phoxim is easy to decompose under light during spraying. The invention has the advantages of cost reduction, toxicity reduction, convenient application and enlargement of prevent and cure spectrum.

The invention relates to a mosquito-killing bacillus thuringiensis floating agent and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the steps of blending, calcium chloride aqueous solution preparation, floating agent preparation, hardening, and drying. According to the invention, sodium alginate is adopted as a carrier, and sodium chloride is adopted as a crosslinking agent. The added mosquito-killing bacillus thuringiensis original powder is an effective active component with high mosquito-killing activity. With hollow glass microspheres, a floating sustained-release effect is provided for the dosage form. Ultraviolet radiation is reduced, and a residual effect period is prolonged. With an ultraviolet protection additive which is melanin, the ultraviolet radiation resistance of bacillus thuringiensis is enhanced. With a lab rat feed, the floating agent is provided with an attractant effect and can lure larvae, such that the insecticidal effect is improved. Also, a sinking phenomenon of the dosage form left in water for a long time is avoided, such that the residual effect period is prolonged. The product is solid; the formula is reasonable; and insecticidal virulence is high. When in use, the product is simply spread onto the surface of pond or sewage with mosquito breeding. A controlling effect is good; and convenience is provided for development, popularization and application.

The invention discloses a seed coating agent for preventing rice sheath blight diseases, a preparing method and an application method thereof, which belong to the technical field of rice sheath blight disease prevention and control. The seed coating agent is prepared through the following steps: mixing thifluzamide technical material with an emulsifying agent and a cosolvent, and stirring the obtained mixture so as to form a uniform oil phase; mixing water, an antifreezing agent, a film-forming agent and a thickening agent and the like so as to form a uniform water phase; and slowly pouring the oil phase into the water phase, and carrying out high-speed shear emulsification on the obtained mixture so as to obtain milky liquid dispersed well. According to the seed coating agent, thifluzamide is adopted for preparing the seed coating agent for preventing rice sheath blight diseases, the process equipment is simple, the investment is small and the application is convenient; the seed coating agent is used for preventing and controlling rice sheath blight diseases, and just required to be used one time in the whole growing season of rice, and therefore, an effect of time saving and labor saving is achieved, the residual effect period is long, and the prevention and control effect reaches over 80%.

The invention belongs to the field of biotic insecticides and relates to a microbial pesticide synergist. The main ingredient of the synergist is camptothecin or a derivative thereof. The invention relates to two microbial pesticides containing the synergist at the same time, namely a microbial pesticide containing bacillus thuringiensis and the camptothecin / camptothecin derivative, and a microbial pesticide containing baculovirus and the camptothecin / camptothecin derivative. The synergist can effectively improve the pest killing effect of the bacillus thuringiensis or baculovirus pesticide, enhance the pesticide effect and reduce the dosage of the microbial pesticide while ensuring the same pest preventing and controlling effect; moreover, the active ingredient camptothecin of the synergist is a plant-originated substance which is safe for people and livestock and natural enemies of the pests, can slow down the pesticide resistance of the pests to the microbial pesticide and is easy to degrade without residue; and the synergist is suitable to be used as an environmental-friendly microbial pesticide synergist and has great significance for popularization and application of the microbial pesticide.

The invention relates to the technical field of crop pesticides, in particular to a micro-capsule suspending agent containing thiamethoxam and carbosulfan and a preparation method of the micro-capsule suspending agent. The micro-capsule suspending agent comprises an effective component and an auxiliary material, wherein the effective component comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 1%-20% of thiamethoxam and 5%-30% of carbosulfan; the auxiliary material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 5%-30% of a capsule wall material, 5%-20% of a solvent, 0-3% of a synergist, 1%-15% of an emulsifier, 0.5%-10% of a suspending agent, 0-10% of a dispersing agent, 0-10% of an antifoaming agent and the balance of water; and the mass of the effective component accounts for 10%-45% of that of the mixed preparation. The suspended rate of the carbosulfan and thiamethoxam micro-capsule suspending agent is greater than or equal to 90%; meanwhile, the micro-capsule suspending agent has the advantages of low pesticide toxicity, long lasting time, high insecticidal control effect, simple preparation technology and the like; rice thrips of rice, underground pests of peanut and aphids of wheat paddock can be effectively prevented and controlled; and the yield of crops is increased.

An insecticide is prepared from pyrethroid class of insecticides, nano Si-base oxide and organic solvent through mixing in ball grinder, removing organic solvent, and mixing with filming agent. Its advantages are durable action, high optical stability, and no environmental pollution.

The invention provides a paddy compound pesticide and relates to a technology for producing pesticides, in particular to the technical field of production of paddy pesticides. The active ingredients of the paddy compound pesticide are buprofezin and monosultap which account for 12.5 percent and 62.5 percent of the total weight of the pesticide respectively. The pesticide of the invention is the high-efficiency paddy pesticide, has the unique effect of controlling paddy stem borers and planthoppers and also has good effects of contact poisoning, stomach poisoning, uptake translocation and rapid and high knock-down ability; moreover, the pesticide has the advantages of high extensive adaptability, good rainwater washing resistance, long residual period, long appropriate period for spraying and quick-acting property as well as long-lasting effect.

The invention discloses a microbial combined insecticide and its preparation method. The microbial combined insecticide is a concentrated cenobium preparation prepared from two or three strains selected from 40-60 parts by weight of fungi, 15-25 parts by weight of actinomycetes and / or 20-40 parts by weight of bacteria. The preparation method comprises the following steps: respectively culturing various strains in a routine way to obtain strain culture pure liquids; enlarged culture of bacteria solutions: mixing the strain culture pure liquids in proportion to prepare mixed bacteria solutions; mixing the mixed bacteria solutions according to the weight ratio; culturing with a culture solution and fermenting to obtain a product with high concentration of 2 billions / ml and a solid product. The microbial combined insecticide provided by the invention has the characteristic of poisoning different insects and insect species, has a strong poisoning effect on hundreds of pests such as scarab, mosquito, nematode, Lepidoptera, coleoptera, Hymenoptera and the like, has advantages of fast speed, and wide range and thorough poisoning. In comparison with insecticidal efficacy of an insecticide produced by the use of a single strain, insecticidal efficacy of the microbial combined insecticide is raised by 51% and above.

The invention belongs to the field of biotic insecticides and relates to a microbial pesticide synergist. The main ingredient of the synergist is camptothecin or a derivative thereof. The invention relates to two microbial pesticides containing the synergist at the same time, namely a microbial pesticide containing bacillus thuringiensis and the camptothecin / camptothecin derivative, and a microbial pesticide containing baculovirus and the camptothecin / camptothecin derivative. The synergist can effectively improve the pest killing effect of the bacillus thuringiensis or baculovirus pesticide, enhance the pesticide effect and reduce the dosage of the microbial pesticide while ensuring the same pest preventing and controlling effect; moreover, the active ingredient camptothecin of the synergist is a plant-originated substance which is safe for people and livestock and natural enemies of the pests, can slow down the pesticide resistance of the pests to the microbial pesticide and is easy to degrade without residue; and the synergist is suitable to be used as an environmental-friendly microbial pesticide synergist and has great significance for popularization and application of the microbial pesticide.

The invention discloses a biological pesticide containing soy sauce residue waste oil glyceride and a preparation method thereof. The biological pesticide comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of soy sauce residue waste oil glyceride, 40-50 parts of beauveria bassiana spore powder, 10-20 parts of xanthan gum, 5-10 parts of auxiliary stabilizer, 60-80 parts of diatomite, and appropriate amount of water. The biological pesticide has the advantages of being high in insecticidal activity, fast and stable in insecticidal effect, long in residual life, environment-friendly, efficient, low in toxicity and low in residue; the activity of the beauveria bassiana spore powder can be effectively maintained, the storage time of the spore is prolonged, and the live spore rate is improved, the biological pesticide stability is improved; and recycling of the soy sauce residue waste oil can be realized, the energy-saving and environment-protecting concept can be satisfied,and the more extensive application of the beauveria bassiana can be promoted.

The invention discloses an insect-resistant root dipping agent for gingko and belongs to the technical field of seedling root dipping agents. The insect-resistant root dipping agent contains the following components in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of an organophosphorus insecticide, 10-15 parts of a benzimidazole fungicide, 1-2 parts of a GGR6# rooting agent, 20-30 parts of a super absorbent resin, 100-200 parts of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and 500-1000 parts of talcum powder. According to the insect-resistant root dipping agent for gingko, disclosed by the invention, on one hand, a mud layer formed on the surface of the seedling root can protect the root system, and an effect of moisturizing the roots is achieved; on the other hand, hazards of soil insects such as grubs, mole cricketsand wireworms can be prevented and alleviated, and root system growth is facilitated, so that the transplanting survival rate and retention rate of gingko seedlings are improved. Due to the organic combination of seedling mud dipping and control of plant diseases and insect pests, the transplanting survival rate of the gingko seedlings is improved.

The invention relates to a method for inhibiting azotobacter in intestinal canal of termite by utilizing metabolic products of tree endophyte, aiming at solving the problems of serious environmental pollution and serious harm to the human body as the toxic and side effects of the existing method for killing termite by utilizing chemical agent is great. The method comprises the following steps: preparing tree endophyte fermentation broth; preparing a plain agar panel; preparing bacteria suspension solution; preparing a semisolid medium; taking the nitrogen-free semisolid media, adding the bacteria suspension solution after the nitrogen-free semisolid medium is cooled to 50 DEG C, mixing to be uniform, pouring the mixer onto the plain agar panel inserted with an Oxford cup, pulling out the Oxford cup after the culture medium is solidified, adopting a liquid relief gun to add the tree endophyte fermentation broth into a small hole, putting the mixture in a fridge to stay overnight, then culturing for 16 hours in an incubator of 30 DEG C, and observing and measuring the diameter of an inhibition zone with a vernier caliper, thus completing the process. In the method, the metabolic products of tree endophyte have better inhibition action on azotobacter in intestinal canal of termite.