The invention discloses a 
cardanol-based 
alkyd resin preparation method, which comprises the following steps of adding 
cardanol into a reaction container, adding an 
organic solvent for 
dissolution, adding a 
metal hydroxide aqueous solution into the reaction container, performing stirring and heating for refluxing, adding 
fatty acid chloride into the reaction container, performing heating for refluxing, performing 
vacuum evaporation to remove the 
organic solvent, adjusting the pH to be 1.5 to 3, adding 
ethyl acetate for demixing, washing an organic phase by using 
distilled water, 
drying the organic phase by using 
anhydrous sodium sulfate, performing 
filtration, washing a 
filter cake by using 
ethyl acetate, mixing the organic phase, and performing 
evaporation to remove the 
solvent to obtain pasty 
solid; adding the pasty 
solid and glycerin into a reaction container, heating dimethylbenzene for esterification, separating water by using a water separator, reducing the temperature, adding 
phthalic anhydride in batches, performing heating for refluxing until the 
viscosity and the 
acid value meet requirements, adding dimethylbenzene for 
dilution, and discharging to obtain 
alkyd resin. According to the method, the 
raw material cost is lowered; due to the special 
benzene ring-containing structure of the 
cardanol, the prepared 
alkyd resin has high performance of 
heat resistance, 
hardness and the like.