75results about How to "Facilitates electron conduction" patented technology

In the all-solid secondary battery of the present invention, a positive electrode layer and a negative electrode layer are disposed on both sides of a solid electrolyte layer, a first inorganic solid electrolyte and a second inorganic solid electrolyte are included into at least one of the positive electrode layer, the negative electrode layer, and the solid electrolyte layer, the content of transition metal in the first inorganic solid electrolyte is less than 15% by mass on oxide basis, and the content of transition metal in the second inorganic solid electrolyte is 15% by mass or more on oxide basis.

A carbon nanotube-based solar cell and fabricating method thereof are provided. The method is achieved by applying carbon nanotube film (1) photoelectric conversion material and an upper electrode simultaneously. The method improves photoelectric conversion efficiency and life time of the solar cell, the fabricating method of the solar cell is simple, and the fabricating cost is low.

The invention discloses a preparation method for a three-dimensional molybdenum disulfide nanoflower-graphene composite material and application of the three-dimensional molybdenum disulfide nanoflower-graphene composite material as an electrochemical hydrogen evolution catalyst. According to the invention, the three-dimensional molybdenum disulfide nanoflower-graphene composite material is prepared through a one-step hydrothermal method; and the obtained composite material is used to modify a glassy carbon electrode after ultrasonic dispersion so as to obtain a three-dimensional molybdenum disulfide nanoflower-graphene composite material modified electrode. The three-dimensional molybdenum disulfide nanoflower-graphene composite material is mainly applied to electrochemical hydrogen evolution; and a linear scanning curve (polarization curve) is used to detect the catalytic activity of the synthesized molybdenum disulfide nanoflower-graphene composite material, and a cyclic voltammetry curve is employed for testing the stability of the molybdenum disulfide nanoflower-graphene composite material. According to the invention, synergism of molybdenum disulfide nanoflower and graphene in the three-dimensional molybdenum disulfide nanoflower-graphene composite material is made full use of to improve the catalytic efficiency of electrochemical hydrogen evolution and to effectively enhance the stability of the catalyst so as to allow the catalyst to be used in an acidic environment for a long time.

The invention discloses a multilayer positive plate with a lithium / sodium supplementing function, a battery and a preparation method, and belongs to the field of energy storage devices. The multilayerpositive plate comprises a current collector, a positive electrode material layer and a lithium / sodium supplement material layer. A positive electrode material layer and a lithium / sodium supplementing material layer are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the current collector. The positive electrode material layer and the lithium / sodium supplementing material layer are laminated. The lithium / sodium supplementing material layer contains a special lithium / sodium-containing functional material. When the positive electrode is charged for the first time, a decomposition reaction occurs, sothat lithium / sodium ions in molecules of the positive electrode are irreversibly released into the battery, and the released lithium / sodium ions are supplemented into the negative electrode of the battery through an electrolyte, so that the problem of poor performance of the whole battery caused by low initial charge-discharge coulombic efficiency of an existing high-capacity negative electrode material is solved. The composite positive plate can efficiently supplement lithium / sodium to the negative electrode in the lithium / sodium ion total battery, has no adverse effect on the positive electrode material and the total battery, and can improve the energy density and the utilization rate of the positive electrode material of the battery, so that the cost of the battery can be reduced.

A passive direct oxidation fuel cell system, which uses a high concentration fuel such as neat methanol as a direct feed to an anode aspect of the fuel cell, is provided. The fuel cell includes a passive water management capability, achieved by the combined functions of controlled fuel dosing, effective push back of liquid water from the cathode through the membrane electrolyte by a hydrophobic microporous layer well bonded to the cathode catalyst and the use of a thin ionomeric membrane. The rate of fuel delivery is controlled by a passive fuel transport barrier. Carbon dioxide management techniques are also provided.

The invention discloses a catalyst using a metal oxide as a carrier for fuel cells and application thereof. The catalyst is characterized in that: the metal oxide as the carrier has catalytic oxygen evolution function simultaneously, and a noble metal with catalytic oxygen reduction function is supported on the metal oxide; the nanoparticles of the noble metal are highly dispersed on the surface of the metal oxide as the carrier, wherein the mass fraction of the noble metal is 2 to 70 percent in the catalyst. The catalyst alone or the catalyst mixed with platinum black in a certain proportionis applied to bifunctional oxygen electrodes for utilized regenerative fuel cells. Compared with the traditional mechanical mixture of platinum black and an oxide from catalytic oxygen evolution reaction, the fuel cell and water electrolysis performances of the cells are greatly improved, and the performance is close to that of a commercial Pt / C catalyst in fuel cells. The catalyst is applied to fuel cell oxygen electrodes to effectively solve the problems that the activity of the catalyst is deceased by the corrosion of the carrier.

The invention relates to a preparation method for a polymer / hollow sulfur composite electrode material. According to the method, the polymer / sulfur composite electrode material is obtained by taking a molecular sieve with high specific surface area as a carrier, depositing an organic salt, carrying out high-temperature sintering, reduction, sulfur deposition and polymerization and removing the molecular sieve, wherein the molecular sieve is one of SBA-15, MCM-41, KIT-1 and MSU-1; the organic salt is one of an organic copper salt, an organic silver salt, an organic iron salt and an organic nickel salt which can be dissolved in alcohol; the polymer is one of polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene and polyacetylene; and sulfur accounts for 70-90 percent of the total mass of the polymer / hollow sulfur composite electrode material, the polymer accounts for 3-10 percent of the total mass of the polymer / hollow sulfur composite electrode material, and metal accounts for 7-20 percent of the total mass of the polymer / hollow sulfur composite electrode material. When used for the cathode of a lithium-sulfur battery, the polymer / hollow sulfur composite electrode material prepared according to the method has high specific capacity and excellent cycle performance, and has good application prospect in the battery field.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a sulfur / carbon / oxide combined electrode material. The preparation method comprises depositing sulfur and oxide on a carbon material as a carrier with excellent performances to obtain the sulfur / carbon / oxide combined electrode material. The carbon material is one of graphene, CMK-3, carbon nanotubes and carbon black. The oxide is one of silica, copper oxide, silver oxide, nickel oxide, ferrous oxide, tin oxide and titanium oxide. The sulfur / carbon / oxide combined electrode material comprises 50-90wt% of sulfur, 5-20wt% of carbon and 5-30wt% of the oxide. Through control of acid types and pH, and organic solvent types and properties, the sulfur / carbon / oxide combined electrode material with fine particles and high coating uniformity is obtained. The sulfur / carbon / oxide combined electrode material as a lithium-sulfur battery positive pole material has high specific capacity and excellent cycling properties and has a good application prospect in the field of batteries.

Catalysis layer including more than one layer of containing hydrophobicity material (such as PTFE) and catalysis of platinum carried by carbon (Pt / C) is prepared on surface at side of leveling layer of gas diffusion layer. The leveling layer is processed by hydrophobicity and carbon powder in advance. After being baked under protection of inert gases at 320-380 deg.C, the catalysis layer is spray coated by solid polyelectrolyte in certain quantity. Then, more than one layer of slurry composed of solid polyelectrolyte, electrode catalyst and solvent in specific proportion is prepared on the catalysis layer. After being baked under protection of inert gases at 100-380 deg.C, electrode of fuel cell composed of composite catalysis layers in different hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity is obtained. Advantages are: satisfied conduction of protons and electrons, better transmission or diffusivity of gases and water, expanded reaction interface, and raised power density.

The invention provides a ternary bismuth-based composite photocatalyst Bi / Bi4O5Br2 / BiOI, and a preparation method thereof, which relate to the technical field of semiconductor photocatalytic materials. The preparation method of the ternary bismuth-based composite photocatalyst Bi / Bi4O5Br2 / BiOI comprises the steps of dissolving a bismuth-containing compound, iodate and bromine into ethylene glycol,adjusting a pH value of a solution to 8 to 10, and carrying out hydrothermal reaction. The method is simple in preparation process, low in cost, free of producing toxic and harmful byproducts, and easy for industrial production. The ternary bismuth-based composite photocatalyst Bi / Bi4O5Br2 / BiOI is prepared by the preparation method. The catalyst has better visible light induction capability and pollutant degradation capability, and the utilization rate of solar energy is improved during a catalytic process.

The invention relates to a method for preparing a polyaniline / sulfur / graphene composite material. The method comprises the following steps: taking graphene as a carrier, and enabling sodium thiosulfate to react with an organic acid, so that the sulfur particles are loaded to the surface of the graphene; and performing aniline polymerization encapsulation, thereby obtaining the polyaniline / sulfur / graphene composite material. The types of organic acids, the molar ratio of the organic acids to sodium thiosulfate, the types of organic solvents and the like are regulated, and the polyaniline / sulfur / graphene composite material which is fine in particles and uniform in encapsulation is obtained. When the composite material is used for the positive pole of a lithium sulfur battery, the composite material has high specific capacity and excellent cycle performance and has excellent application prospects in the field of batteries.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a tin alloy / silicon / carbon electrode material. The method comprises the following steps: with a porous polymer as a carrier, depositing silicon oxide; mechanically mixing magnesium; carrying out high-temperature thermal reduction and acid treatment; filtering and drying the mixture; mechanically mixing a tin alloy; tabletting the mixture; and carrying out high-temperature sintering to obtain the tin alloy / silicon / carbon electrode material. The porous polymer is one of polyacetylene, polyacrylonitrile, polyaniline, polypyrrole and phenolic resin; the tin alloy is one of a nickel-tin alloy, a copper-tin alloy, an iron-tin alloy and a silver-tin alloy; the silicon source is one of tetraethoxysilane, silicon tetrachloride and trichlorosilane; an inner layer of the tin alloy / silicon / carbon electrode material is carbon and silicon in a porous structure; and an outer layer is the tin alloy with good conductivity and stable structure. The electrode material has the advantages of high specific capacity and long cycle lifetime, and has a good application prospect in the field of batteries.

The invention discloses a composite electromagnetic shielding material. The composite electromagnetic shielding material is characterized in that carbonized bacterial celluloses and a nanometer magnetic metal material are mixed to form the composite electromagnetic shielding material; or carbonized bacterial celluloses and a matrix material are mixed to form the composite electromagnetic shielding material; or carbonized bacterial celluloses and a nanometer magnetic metal material are mixed to form a mixture, and then the mixture and a matrix material are mixed to form the composite electromagnetic shielding material; the nanometer magnetic metal material is an optional one of Fe, Ni, Co, NiFe and CoFe; and the matrix material is an optional one of paraffin, epoxy resin and silicon dioxide. A method for manufacturing the composite electromagnetic shielding material includes steps of manufacturing bacterial celluloses; manufacturing the carbonized bacterial celluloses; and manufacturing the composite electromagnetic shielding material, and the like. The composite electromagnetic shielding material is thin, light, wide and strong, has the advantages of low cost, simplicity in manufacturing process, environmental protection and the like, and has wide application prospects in fields of electromagnetic pollution prevention, microwave dark chambers, high-frequency electronic products and the like.

The invention discloses a graphene / metal composite material and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) weighing a metal rod and a high-purity carbon rod in percentage by mass, wherein the high-purity carbon rod accounts for 1%-30%; (2) clamping the cleaned metal rod on an upper chuck and a lower chuck of a withdrawing system of a directional solidification furnace adopting a floating zone method, clamping the high-purity carbon rod on a clamp beside the withdrawing system, and enabling the bottom end of the high-purity carbon rod to be in contact with amelting zone of the metal rod; and (3) performing vacuum-pumping on the directional solidification furnace adopting the floating zone method, performing directional solidification on the metal rod, controlling length of a melting zone to be 1-50 mm, moving the metal rod from top to bottom at a rate of 1-5000 [mu]m / s, and rotating along the axis of the withdrawing system; and enabling the bottom end of the high-purity carbon rod to be within the melting zone of the metal rod all the time. According to the graphene / metal composite material obtained by the method disclosed by the invention, carbon exists in a metal lattice in the form of graphene, and the two-phase interface is good in combination, so that conductivity of the material is favorably improved.

The invention discloses a preparation method and application of a biomimetic oxygen reduction electrocatalyst based on a metal macrocyclic compound and belongs to the technical field of proton exchange membrane fuel cell catalysts. According to the preparation method, carbon materials are dispersed in a solvent, an aromatic fused-ring compound is added to the mixture, processed by ultrasound, stirred for 2-48 hours and then subjected to extraction filtration and washing till a filtrate is colorless and clean, and the product is dried to obtain an aromatic fused-ring compound intermediate for carbon adsorption; the obtained aromatic fused-ring compound intermediate for carbon adsorption is dispersed in a solution, blended with the metal macrocyclic compound in the presence of inert gas suchas nitrogen or argon, stirred for 1-48 hours at 25-100 DEG C, then subjected to filtering and washing till a filtrate is colorless, and dried at last, and correspondingly the electrocatalyst based onthe metal macrocyclic compound / the aromatic fused-ring compound / carbon is obtained. The method is easy to operate and control and mild in condition, and the prepared electrocatalyst based on the metal macrocyclic compound / the aromatic fused-ring compound / carbon has high oxygen reduction activity and can be used in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell.

In the all-solid secondary battery of the present invention, a positive electrode layer and a negative electrode layer are disposed on both sides of a solid electrolyte layer, a first inorganic solid electrolyte and a second inorganic solid electrolyte are included into at least one of the positive electrode layer, the negative electrode layer, and the solid electrolyte layer, the content of transition metal in the first inorganic solid electrolyte is less than 15% by mass on oxide basis, and the content of transition metal in the second inorganic solid electrolyte is 15% by mass or more on oxide basis.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a selenium composite electrode material. The method comprises the steps that soluble sulfite and selenium are used as raw materials, selenosulfate is generates through a reaction, a carbon material with high specific surface area and electrical conductivity is used as a carrier, selenium and polymer are deposited, and the selenium composite electrode material is obtained; the selenium deposition speed can be controlled by controlling the alcoholic solution concentration, variety and dropping-in speed; the small-particle selenium composite electrode material coated evenly is obtained. When used for a positive electrode of a lithium selenium battery, the selenium composite electrode material has the high specific capacity and excellent circulation performance, and has the good application prospect in the battery field.

This invention is a method for preparing a porous silicon / graphene composite lithium ion battery anode material using diatomite as a raw material. The method is characterized by comprising the preparation steps of diatomite purification, preparation of porous silicon and preparation of porous silicon / graphene composite lithium ion battery anode material. The first-time reversible capacity of the prepared porous silicon / graphene composite lithium ion battery anode material is up to 1275.3 mAh / g under the current density of 100 mA / g, the capacity is kept to be 885.7 mAh / g after 50 times of circulation, and then the capacity is almost kept the same in the almost remain the same process. Due to the fact that the diatomite is used as the raw material, sources are wide, the price is low, the volume effect of the silicon can be effectively inhibited and the electrical conductivity of the material can be also improved through porous silicon and graphene composition, and the method is scientific, reasonable, simple, convenient, easy to operate, excellent in electrochemical performance, good in effect and the like, is beneficial to popularization and application, makes industrialization easily achieved and has remarkable economic and social benefits.

The invention discloses a lithium-ion battery germanium / carbon composite negative electrode material and a preparation method and an application thereof. The composite negative electrode material includes germanium nanoparticles, mesocarbon microbeads and amorphous carbon. The preparation method comprises the steps of (1) dissolving GeO2 in an alkaline solution, adding nanocrystalline cellulose, adjusting the pH-value of the obtained first suspension, adding the mesocarbon microbeads and stirring to form a second suspension, and transferring the second suspension to a water bath; (2) preparingan NaBH4 solution, adding the heated second suspension, stirring for reaction in the water bath, washing wafer vacuum filtration, then carrying out vacuum drying, roasting the dried solid in an inertgas or reducing atmosphere to obtain the product. The composite negative electrode material disclosed by the invention has high mass capacity and volume specific capacity, can effectively alleviate the volume change and pulverization of germanium, is high in cycle stability and good in compatibility with a propylene carbonate containing electrolyte, has the advantages of good low-temperature electrochemical performance and the like and can be applied to lithium-ion batteries.

The invention discloses a technology for oxidizing organic wastewater by mixing pyrite and biochar. The technology is characterized by comprising the following steps that 1, the biochar is put into anacidic ferrous salt solution for dipping, and then vacuum heat treatment is carried out in a tubular furnace; 2, the biochar obtained after heat treatment and the pyrite are sequentially added into the organic wastewater, stirred and evenly mixed, then hydrogen peroxide is added, and fenton oxidation reaction is carried out; 3, after the chemical oxygen demand in the wastewater reaches the standard, solid is separated out, and the solid is repeatedly used after being recycled. The organic wastewater is treated by combining the modified biochar and the pyrite, and the treatment effect is excellent; the modified biochar and the pyrite can be recycled many times and have very good environmental protection performance and industrial application prospects.

The invention provides a preparation method of a gas sensor based on metal phthalocyanine and a use method of the gas sensor. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving the metalphthalocyanine into a mixed solution of N,N-dimethylformamide and water and dropping the mixed solution on an electrode; drying to form a metal phthalocyanine thin film covering the electrode, wherein the electrode is an interdigital electrode. The invention also provides the use method of the gas sensor based on the metal phthalocyanine. The use method comprises the following steps: putting thesensor into a sealed cavity, filling the sealed cavity with detect gas with preset concentration and maintaining preset concentration gas atmosphere; filling the closed cavity with dry air or nitrogenduring recovering; in addition, enabling the detection gas to be desorbed by using a laser irradiation sensor. According to the method, the problems of slow response, low recovery speed and no possibility of carrying out normal temperature detection of the metal phthalocyanine gas sensor in the prior art can be effectively solved.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a metal-clad S / Ni-Co-Mn-Li oxide electrode material. The metal-coated S / Ni-Co-Mn-Li oxide electrode material is obtained through mechanically milling and mixing S / Ni-Co-Mn-Li oxide and then carrying out metal oxide deposition, diol reduction and drying; the mass of S accounts for 65 to 90 percent of the total mass of the electrode material, the mass of the Ni-Co-Mn-Li oxide accounts for 3 to 20 percent of the total mass of the electrode material, and the mass of clad metal accounts for 7 to 15 percent of the total mass of the electrode material; metal is one or two of Cu, Ag, W and Au; very good specific capacity, excellent multiplying power and excellent circulating performance are obtained when the electrode material is used for a positive electrode of a Li-S battery; the preparation method has a very good application prospect in the field of batteries.

The invention discloses a lithium battery pole plate including a current collector, and a preparation method of the current collector includes soaking a copper sheet in a silver nitrate solution for reaction at 10-40 DEG C, and after the reaction washing to obtain the current collector. According to the preparation method of the current collector, a chemical bath method is used for directly forming a certain nano structure on the surface of the copper sheet, the technology process is simple, the operation is easy, the cost is low, and a silver array structure formed on the surface of the copper sheet can effectively improve the performances of lithium ion battery electrode materials.

The invention relates to a hydro-thermal synthesis method for a molybdenum-sulphur co-doped mesoporous nano titanium dioxide visible-light-driven photocatalyst. The method comprises the following steps: preparing an ethylene glycol titaniumprecursor by adopting a known technical method in prior art, mixing the precursor, sodium molybdate, thiourea and water according to a certain ratio to prepare a solution, and implementing a simple hydro-thermal synthesis method to obtain the molybdenum-sulphur co-doped mesoporous nano titanium dioxide visible-light-driven photocatalyst. Shown from an XRD spectrogram, the prepared molybdenum-sulphur co-doped mesoporous nano titanium dioxide visible-light-driven photocatalyst is in a typical anatase structure and has the good crystallinity. The co-doping of molybdenum and sulphur can be proved by the XRD spectrogram. Visible-light-driven photocatalyzing results show that the molybdenum-sulphur co-doped mesoporous nano titanium dioxide visible-light-driven photocatalyst prepared by adopting the method disclosed by the invention has an excellent visible-light-driven photocatalyzing performance, can be used for effectively solving problems of environment pollution and the like, and has potential application prospects in fields of energy and the like.

The invention provides a regular quadrangular prism nickel vanadate nanomaterial and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of synthesis of inorganic materials. The preparation method isa one-step hydrothermal method and comprises the steps of adding a certain amount of nickel nitrate, vanadium pentoxide and PEG10000 into a certain amount of water solution, evenly stirring and mixing, and carrying out a hydrothermal reaction for a period of time to obtain the regular quadrangular prism nickel vanadate nanomaterial. The first-time synthesized regular quadrangular prism nickel vanadate nanomaterial is novel in structure, simple and easy in control of preparation method, and good in stability, thus having a wide application prospect in the field of energy storage.

The invention provides a fluorinated graphene electrode active material and a preparation method and application thereof. The fluorinated graphene electrode active material disclosed by the invention has the characteristics of small size, thin sheet layer, large specific surface area and the like, is beneficial to electron transfer and ion transmission in a discharge process, and can effectively reduce polarization and improve a discharge voltage platform and rate capability. According to the principle of the preparation method, stripping energy provided by the preparation method is larger than that provided by traditional ultrasonic stripping under the actions of electrostatic interaction, steric hindrance, interface friction and the like among the cationic surface active agent, the carbon monofluoride and the zirconium oxide balls, so that the transverse size of the carbon monofluoride is effectively improved; and the stripped graphite fluoride sheet layer and the thickness range are wider, the yield is higher, and the effect is better. The method provided by the invention is simple in preparation process, free of strong acid and strong oxidant, green, environment-friendly, high in controllability and suitable for large-scale production.

A lithium-air storage battery having at least one electrochemical cell witha negative electrode, which is an air electrode;a positive electrode, which comprises a material for insertion of lithium; andan organic electrolyte conducting lithium ions, positioned between the negative electrode and positive electrode, the electrolyte not degrading, when it is subject to a voltage ranging from 3V to 5.5V expressed relatively to the Li+ / Li pair and the storage battery having a potential difference between the electrochemical potential of the positive electrode and the electrochemical potential of the negative electrode greater than 4.5V expressed relatively to the Li+ / Li pair.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a lithium sulfur secondary battery cathode material. The method includes the steps of: 1) in an inert atmosphere, adding elemental sulfur, a coating material and a solvent I into a ball mill together to conduct coarse grinding to obtain a precursor slurry I; 2) drying the precursor slurry I, then adding the dried precursor slurry I, a solvent II and an adhesive into a sand mill to perform fine grinding, thus obtaining a precursor slurry II; 3) drying the precursor slurry II with a spray dryer to obtain coated precursor powder; and 4) heating the coated precursor powder in the inert atmosphere till carbonization of the adhesive, thus obtaining the lithium sulfur secondary battery cathode material. The product prepared by the method has uniform particle size and two coating layers, can improve the electron conduction between particles, and also can inhibit the loss of sulfur active substances in a circulation process.

The invention provides a biomass-based activated carbon coated iron carbide three-dimensional porous microbial fuel cell anode material, which is composed of biomass-based activated carbon and iron carbide, wherein iron carbide is distributed in the biomass-based activated carbon and is coated by the biomass-based activated carbon to form micron-sized activated carbon-coated iron carbide particles, and the anode material has a three-dimensional porous network structure consisting of micron and nano composite holes. The invention also provides a microbial fuel cell anode based on the anode material, and preparation methods of the anode material and the anode. According to the invention, the problems of unfavorable attached growth of microorganisms and high modification cost of the existingmodified three-dimensional carbon-based electrode are solved, and the attached growth of an anode biological membrane can be promoted and the electron transfer of an extracellular interface can be accelerated while the cost of the microbial fuel anode is reduced.

The invention relates to a preparing method for a nickel tin-carbon-silicon electrode material. According to the material, silicon oxide with the high specific surface area is used as a raw material, mechanically mixed with magnesium, reduced in a high temperature thermal mode, treated in an acid mode, and coated with a conducting polymer, nickel oxide and tin oxide are deposited, and tabletting and high-temperature thermal reducing are carried out, so that the nickel tin-carbon-silicon electrode material is obtained; the specific surface area of silicon oxide is larger than 700 m<2> / g, and silicon oxide is one of silicon oxide nanometer powder, silicon oxide nanospheres, silicon oxide SBA-15, silicon oxide MCM-41 and silicon oxide KIT-6; the conducting polymer is one of polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene and polyacetylene; the molar ratio of silicon oxide to magnesium is 1:(2-4), the molar ratio of silicon oxide to the conducting polymer precursor is 1:(1-5), the molar ratio of nickel oxide to the conducting polymer precursor is 1:(1-20), and the molar ratio of nickel oxide to tin oxide is 3:(1-8). The composite material has the advantages of being stable in structure and good in conductivity, having high specific capacity and excellent cycle performance when being used in a negative pole of a lithium battery, and having a good application prospect in the field of the batteries.